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Translocations of digging mammals and their potential for ecosystem restoration: a review of goals and monitoring programmes
Mammal Review ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 , DOI: 10.1111/mam.12208 Bryony J. Palmer 1 , Leonie E. Valentine 1 , Manda Page 2 , Richard J. Hobbs 1
中文翻译：
挖掘哺乳动物的易位及其对生态系统恢复的潜力：目标和监测计划的审查
更新日期：2020-09-30
Mammal Review ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 , DOI: 10.1111/mam.12208 Bryony J. Palmer 1 , Leonie E. Valentine 1 , Manda Page 2 , Richard J. Hobbs 1
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- Globally, translocations are commonly used to improve the conservation status of threatened species. There is increasing recognition that translocations of ecosystem engineers also have the potential to restore ecological processes. Digging mammals are often considered to be ecosystem engineers, as their diggings provide shelter for other species and can significantly alter soil properties, with subsequent changes to vegetation.
- Using Australian species as a case study, we reviewed published and grey literature on digging mammal translocations to determine how often these translocations are conducted to restore ecosystem processes. We documented ecosystem‐level monitoring and research efforts, and assessed whether restoration was perceived to be occurring post‐release.
- At least 208 translocations of 24 digging mammal species have been conducted in Australia, with a further 38 planned for the near future. Prior to 2019, only 3% of translocations included a goal relating to the restoration of ecosystem processes associated with digging activities. Nearly a quarter of pre‐2019 translocations have been the subject of some form of ecosystem‐level monitoring or research, but long‐term ecosystem‐level monitoring was very rare. In contrast, 74% of the translocations planned for post‐2018 include a goal relating to the restoration of ecological processes and most also include plans to conduct ecosystem‐level monitoring.
- Ecosystem restoration was perceived to be occurring for 26% of the pre‐2019 translocations. None of the documents we reviewed indicated that ecological degradation had occurred post‐translocation, even when declines in other taxa were recorded.
- The restoration of ecosystem processes is increasingly being identified as a goal for translocation programmes. Where this is the case, we suggest that translocation practitioners include success criteria for the restoration of ecosystem processes, and commit to long‐term monitoring designed to detect ecosystem‐level effects of translocations.
中文翻译：
挖掘哺乳动物的易位及其对生态系统恢复的潜力：目标和监测计划的审查
- 在全球范围内，易位通常用于改善受威胁物种的保护状况。人们日益认识到，生态系统工程师的调动也具有恢复生态过程的潜力。挖掘哺乳动物通常被认为是生态系统工程师，因为他们的挖掘为其他物种提供了庇护所，并且可以显着改变土壤特性，进而改变植被。
- 我们以澳大利亚物种为例，回顾了有关挖掘哺乳动物易位的已发表的灰色文献，以确定这些易位恢复生态系统过程的频率。我们记录了生态系统级的监测和研究工作，并评估了恢复是否被认为是发布后发生的。
- 在澳大利亚，已经进行了至少208种24种挖掘哺乳动物物种的迁移，并计划在不久的将来再迁移38种。在2019年之前，只有3％的易位包括与恢复与挖掘活动相关的生态系统过程有关的目标。在2019年之前，将近四分之一的易位已经成为某种形式的生态系统级监测或研究的对象，但长期的生态系统级监测非常少见。相比之下，2018年后计划进行的迁移的74％包括与恢复生态过程有关的目标，并且大多数还包括进行生态系统级监测的计划。
- 据认为，2019年之前的易位发生了26％的生态系统恢复。我们审查的任何文件都没有指出迁移后发生了生态退化，即使记录了其他分类群的下降也是如此。
- 恢复生态系统过程的越来越多地被视为迁移方案的目标。在这种情况下，我们建议易位从业者包括恢复生态系统过程的成功标准，并致力于旨在监测易位的生态系统水平影响的长期监测。
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