Peripheral nerve injury is a common clinical problem bringing heavy burden to patients, due to its high incidence and unsatisfactory treatment. Nerve guidance conduit (NGC) is a promising scaffold for peripheral nerve repair, and bioactive agents are applied for great functional recovery. Melatonin (MLT) and Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄‐MNPs) are proven to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and induce nerve regeneration. Herein, a multilayered composite NGC loaded with MLT and Fe₃O₄‐MNPs is designed for sequential and sustainable drug release, creating an appropriate microenvironment for nerve regeneration. The composite scaffold shows sufficient mechanical strength and biocompatibility in vitro, and evidently promotes morphological, functional, and electrophysiological recovery of regenerated sciatic nerves in vivo. This work proves that the multilayered conduits show great prospect in the long‐term nerve defects treatment due to easy manufacture and desired efficacy.

中文翻译：

---

负载褪黑素和Fe3O4磁性纳米粒子的静电纺丝多层支架用于周围神经再生。

周围神经损伤是一个常见的临床问题，由于其发病率高且治疗效果不理想，给患者带来了沉重的负担。神经引导导管（NGC）是用于周围神经修复的有前途的支架，并且生物活性剂可用于实现强大的功能恢复。褪黑素（MLT）和Fe ₃ O ₄磁性纳米颗粒（Fe ₃ O ₄ ‐MNPs）被证明可以抑制氧化应激，炎症并诱导神经再生。此处，负载有MLT和Fe ₃ O ₄的多层复合NGC‐MNP设计用于连续且可持续的药物释放，从而为神经再生创造了合适的微环境。该复合支架在体外显示出足够的机械强度和生物相容性，并明显促进体内再生坐骨神经的形态，功能和电生理恢复。这项工作证明了多层导管由于易于制造和期望的功效而在长期神经缺损治疗中显示出广阔的前景。