This work aims to investigate the operation characteristics of an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) system under the variable mass flow rate of the working fluid (${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$), such as the flow excursion in the field of direct vapor generation (DVG) systems. Besides, the mass flow rate of cooling source (${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$) was verified as an effective manipulated variable to respond the variation of ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$, which was an easily available freedom in the ORC system. The operation characteristic was tested respectively for ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$ and ${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$, where the change form of the single variable was rectangular-wave steps with different amplitudes. To verify the effectiveness of regulating ${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$, the operation characteristics under the changes of multiple variables including the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$ and ${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$ were tested. The results indicate that the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$ dominates the variation of operation parameters of the ORC apparently, especially the evaporation pressure. Specifically, the evaporation pressure increases about 26.10 kPa as the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$ increases about 0.01 kg/s. The ${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$ also affects the operation parameters, which shows the opposite trend in evaporation pressure and condensing pressure compared with the increase of ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$. The results show that when the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$ increases, the increase of pressure can be reduced and the thermal efficiency can be improved by regulating the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$ in the same direction simultaneously. The increase of the theoretical thermal efficiency of the system is about 11.21% when only the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{wf}}$ is inclined 0.01 kg/s, while it is 18.00% when the ${\dot{m}}_{\text{cs}}$ is inclined 0.12 kg/s at the same time. The experimental findings enable to give a reference on designing control strategies for the DVG ORC systems.

这项工作旨在研究在工作流体质量流量可变的情况下有机朗肯循环（ORC）系统的运行特性（${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$），例如直接蒸气发生（DVG）系统领域中的流动偏移。此外，冷却源的质量流量（${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$）被验证为有效的变量来响应 ${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$，这是ORC系统中容易获得的自由。操作特性分别进行了测试${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$ 和 ${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$，其中单个变量的变化形式是具有不同幅度的矩形波阶跃。验证调节的有效性${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$，在多个变量（包括 ${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$ 和 ${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$经过测试。结果表明${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$显然主导了ORC操作参数的变化，尤其是蒸发压力。具体而言，随着温度的升高，蒸发压力增加约26.10 kPa。${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$增加约0.01公斤/秒。的${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$ 也会影响运行参数，与增加相比，蒸发压力和冷凝压力呈现相反的趋势。 ${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$。结果表明，当${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$ 通过调节压力的增加，可以减少压力的增加，并可以提高热效率。 ${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$在同一方向上同时进行。当仅当系统运行时，系统的理论热效率提高约11.21％。${\dot{米}}_{\text{wf}}$ 倾斜0.01 kg / s，而当倾斜为18.00％ ${\dot{米}}_{\text{cs}}$同时倾斜0.12 kg / s。实验结果可为DVG ORC系统的控制策略设计提供参考。