Adsorption technique has attracted considerable attention as a promising alternative for reducing heavy metal ions in water sources. This work is focused on the adsorption of nickel ions using lemon peel biomass chemically modified with titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles through siloxane bonds. The biomass was characterized by FT-IR and compositional analyses to identify functional groups and elemental composition. From these measurements, it was observed peaks at 1741, 1328, and 1229 cm⁻¹, characteristics of CO, C–O, and C–H stretching bands, respectively. These organic bonds can be related to the existence of cellulose, lignin, and pectin biopolymers, which are present in the lemon peel biomass, as observed from the compositional analyses. After grafting TiO₂ nanoparticles onto lemon peel biomass surface, it was observed from FTIR the presence of vibrational bands at 1524, 1054, and 943 cm⁻¹, characteristics of –Ti-O-C, –Si-O-Si, and –Ti-O-Si functional groups. Additionally, the morphology and elemental composition of the lemon peel biomass modified with the titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanoparticles were determined by SEM microscope, observing the presence of C, O, Ti, and Si atoms from the EDS mapping. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the effect of pH and biomass particle size on adsorption of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution. From these experiments, maximum adsorption of Ni (II) ions of 78 ± 0.2% was obtained at pH 6.0, while no significant effects were observed for biomass particle size. Furthermore, the modification of biomass with TiO₂ nanoparticles increased up to 90 ± 0.1% the Ni (II) ions adsorption, suggesting the potential of the biomass modified with metal oxide nanoparticles for removal of heavy metal ions.

吸附技术作为减少水源中重金属离子的有前途的替代方法已引起了广泛的关注。这项工作的重点是使用柠檬皮生物质通过硅氧烷键对二氧化钛（TiO ₂）纳米粒子进行化学修饰来吸附镍离子。通过FT-IR和组成分析来鉴定生物质，以鉴定官能团和元素组成。通过这些测量，可以观察到分别在1741、1328和1229 cm ^-1处的峰，这是C O，C–O和C–H拉伸带的特征。从组成分析中观察到，这些有机键可能与柠檬皮生物质中存在的纤维素，木质素和果胶生物聚合物有关。接枝TiO后在柠檬皮生物质表面上有_2个纳米颗粒，通过FTIR观察到在1524、1054和943 cm ^-1处存在振动带，具有–Ti-OC，–Si-O-Si和–Ti-O-Si的特征功能组。此外，用二氧化钛（TiO ₂改性）的柠檬皮生物质的形态和元素组成纳米粒子通过SEM显微镜确定，从EDS映射中观察到C，O，Ti和Si原子的存在。进行了批量吸附实验，以确定pH和生物质粒径对水溶液中Ni（II）离子吸附的影响。从这些实验中，在pH 6.0时，镍（II）离子的最大吸附量为78±0.2％，而对生物质颗粒大小没有明显影响。此外，用TiO ₂纳米颗粒对生物质进行的改性使Ni（II）离子的吸附提高了90±0.1％，这表明用金属氧化物纳米颗粒改性的生物质具有去除重金属离子的潜力。