Abstract Currently, there is an urgent need to develop an electro-analytical technique that can detect and monitor environmental pollutants in a sensitive, specific, and selective manner. Traditional environment pollutant detection techniques suffer from different drawbacks like calibration, sample preparation, blank determination, skilled operator, lengthy time-consuming procedure, costly and no universal approach. The objective of this review article is to provide details regarding the fabrication of conducting polymer-nanoparticles (nanocomposites) based electrochemical biosensors for continuous environmental monitoring. Emphasis has been placed on the principles, development, classification, and use of electrochemical biosensors comprising of nanocomposites of conducting polymer (CP) and metal oxide nanoparticles for the estimation of environmental pollutants present in the air, water, food, and soil.

中文翻译：

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用于检测环境污染物的基于纳米复合材料（导电聚合物和纳米颗粒）的电化学生物传感器：其问题和挑战

摘要 当前，迫切需要开发一种能够灵敏、特异、选择性地检测和监测环境污染物的电分析技术。传统的环境污染物检测技术存在不同的缺点，例如校准、样品制备、空白测定、操作熟练、程序耗时长、成本高且没有通用方法。这篇评论文章的目的是提供有关用于连续环境监测的基于导电聚合物-纳米颗粒（纳米复合材料）的电化学生物传感器的制造的详细信息。重点放在了原则、发展、分类、