In Dalbergia latifolia Roxb. (Indian rosewood), a premium-quality vulnerable timber tree species belonging to Family Fabaceae, direct somatic embryogenesis was achieved. Immature cotyledons from green pods were collected from trees at 90 d after flowering and somatic embryo formation was achieved on Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with 0.5 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.1 mg L⁻¹ kinetin. Different developmental stages, ranging from globular, heart-shaped, torpedo, and cotyledonary stage, were recorded during the complete formation of somatic embryos. Globular somatic embryos gradually converted into heart shape after 35 to 40 d, torpedo shape after 50 to 55 d, and dicotyledonary-shaped embryos after 60 d of culture. The individual isolated somatic embryos with well-developed cotyledons were transferred on medium containing 0.5 mg L⁻¹ benzyl adenine and 0.1 mg L⁻¹ abscisic acid to promote development into plantlets. Biochemical changes in soluble sugars, total carbohydrates, phenols, and nitrate reductase activity were monitored at 5-d intervals from 0 to 60 d. Soluble sugar content (%) increased from 5.26% to 28.05% during the culture period. Minimum sugar content was noted in the globular stage, followed by heart-shaped and torpedo stage and maximum sugar content was observed in cotyledonary somatic embryo stage. A similar trend was observed in total carbohydrate content also (12.83% to 41.23%). A significant variation in the phenol content and nitrate reductase activity of the somatic embryos was observed and the peak values were achieved at 35 d in phenol content (4.25%) and 30 d in nitrate reductase activity (0.79 μmol NO₂ h⁻¹ g⁻¹). Therefore, it was concluded that increasing levels of endogenous soluble sugar and carbohydrate play an important role during the formation of somatic embryos. These findings can be utilized to study the underlying carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolic pathways during somatic embryogenesis.

在阔叶黄檀中。（印度花梨木）是一种优质的易损木材树种，隶属于豆科（Fabaceae），直接体细胞胚发生。开花后90 d，从树上采集未成熟子叶的子叶，并在补充了0.5 mg L ^-1的2,4-二氯苯氧基乙酸和0.1 mg L ^-1的Murashige和Skoog培养基上实现了体细胞胚的形成。激动素。在体细胞胚的完整形成过程中，记录了不同的发育阶段，从球形，心形，鱼雷和子叶阶段开始。球状体细胞胚在培养35到40 d后逐渐转变为心形，在培养50到55 d后逐渐转变为鱼雷形，在培养60 d后逐渐转变为双子叶状胚。将具有发育良好的子叶的单个分离的体细胞胚转移至含有0.5 mg L ^-1苄基腺嘌呤和0.1 mg L ^-1的培养基上脱落酸促进幼苗生长。在0至60 d的5 d间隔内监测可溶性糖，总碳水化合物，酚和硝酸还原酶活性的生化变化。在培养期间，可溶性糖含量（％）从5.26％增加到28.05％。在球形阶段，糖含量最低，其次是心形和鱼雷阶段，在子叶体细胞胚阶段，糖含量最高。总碳水化合物含量也观察到类似趋势（12.83％至41.23％）。观察到体细胞胚中苯酚含量和硝酸盐还原酶活性有显着变化，并且在苯酚含量35 d（4.25％）和硝酸盐还原酶活性30 d（0.79μmolNO ₂ h ^-1  g ）达到峰值^-1）。因此，可以得出结论，内源可溶性糖和碳水化合物水平的增加在体细胞胚形成过程中起着重要作用。这些发现可用于研究体细胞胚发生过程中潜在的碳水化合物和氮代谢途径。