Many social interactions are characterized by dynamic interplay, such that individuals exert reciprocal influence over each other's behaviours and beliefs. The present study investigated how the dynamics of reciprocal influence affect individual beliefs in a social context, over and above the information communicated in an interaction. To this end, we developed a simple social decision-making paradigm in which two people are asked to make perceptual judgments while receiving information about each other's decisions. In a Static condition, information about the partner only conveyed their initial, independent judgment. However, in a Dynamic condition, each individual saw the evolving belief of their partner as they learnt about and responded to the individual's own judgment. The results indicated that in both conditions, the majority of confidence adjustments were characterized by an abrupt change followed by smaller adjustments around an equilibrium, and that participants' confidence was used to arbitrate conflict (although deviating from Bayesian norm). Crucially, recursive interaction had systematic effects on belief change relative to the static baseline, magnifying confidence change when partners agreed and reducing confidence change when they disagreed. These findings indicate that during dynamic interactions—often a characteristic of real-life and online social contexts—information is collectively transformed rather than acted upon by individuals in isolation. Consequently, the output of social events is not only influenced by what the dyad knows but also by predictable recursive and self-reinforcing dynamics.

中文翻译：

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递归沟通动态对信念更新的影响


许多社会互动的特点是动态相互作用，个体对彼此的行为和信仰产生相互影响。本研究调查了交互影响的动态如何影响社会背景下的个人信念，超越互动中传达的信息。为此，我们开发了一个简单的社会决策范式，其中要求两个人在接收有关彼此决策的信息的同时做出感性判断。在静态条件下，有关合作伙伴的信息仅传达他们最初的独立判断。然而，在动态条件下，每个人都会看到他们的伴侣在了解并回应个人自己的判断时不断变化的信念。结果表明，在这两种情况下，大多数置信度调整的特点是突然变化，然后围绕均衡进行较小的调整，并且参与者的置信度用于仲裁冲突（尽管偏离贝叶斯规范）。至关重要的是，递归交互对相对于静态基线的信念变化具有系统性影响，当伙伴同意时放大信心变化，当伙伴不同意时减少信心变化。这些发现表明，在动态交互过程中（通常是现实生活和在线社交环境的一个特征），信息是集体转化的，而不是由个人孤立地采取行动。因此，社会事件的输出不仅受到二人所知的影响，而且还受到可预测的递归和自我强化动态的影响。