Objective: Among children with ADHD, coexisting psychiatric disorders are common and associated with greater impairment and symptom persistence. Given that temperament traits are easily measured, developmentally stable, and variable among youth with ADHD, temperament profiles may be clinically useful for predicting liability for coexisting psychiatric symptoms in this population. Methods: Eighty-three children with ADHD symptoms participated. Caregivers rated their child’s surgency, negative emotionality, and effortful control, as well as severity of internalizing and externalizing psychiatric symptoms. Hierarchical linear regressions were conducted to estimate associations between temperament traits and psychiatric symptoms, controlling for severity of ADHD. Results: Temperament ratings explained significant variance in psychiatric symptoms above and beyond ADHD symptoms alone. Symptoms of each coexisting psychiatric disorder was associated with a distinct temperament and ADHD symptom profile. Conclusion: Temperament ratings appear to have clinical utility for predicting coexisting psychiatric symptoms in children with elevated ADHD symptoms.

目的：在患有 ADHD 的儿童中，并存的精神疾病很常见，并且与更大的损害和症状持续存在相关。鉴于多动症青年的气质特征易于测量、发育稳定且多变，气质特征可能在临床上可用于预测该人群中并存的精神症状的责任。方法： 83 名有 ADHD 症状的儿童参加。看护人对孩子的急躁、消极情绪和努力控制，以及内化和外化精神症状的严重程度进行了评分。进行分层线性回归以估计气质特征与精神症状之间的关联，控制多动症的严重程度。结果：气质评级解释了超出 ADHD 症状的精神症状的显着差异。每种并存的精神疾病的症状都与独特的气质和 ADHD 症状特征相关。结论：气质评级似乎对预测 ADHD 症状升高的儿童并存的精神症状具有临床效用。