The current study aims to investigate the acute effects of light aerobic activity, static stretching (SS), strengthening and explosive exercises on lower-body muscular performance and range of motion (ROM). Dose-response effect of SS on performance and ROM was also studied. Nineteen young male soccer players (age: 13.9 ± 0.46 years) participated in a cross-over randomized trial. Participants performed 5-minute aerobic activity, followed by seven bouts of SS of calf, quadriceps, adductor and hamstring muscles lasting 20 seconds each. Additionally, two sets of strengthening and explosive exercises were performed after SS in the experimental condition. Power and strength were assessed by counter-movement jump (CMJ) and maximal voluntary contraction of hip adductors, while 3 flexibility tests were used for assessing ROM of lower body. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed an increase in CMJ performance after aerobic activity, followed by a decrease after SS in a dose-dependent manner that continued to be present 15 minutes post-SS. Strengthening and explosive exercises did not neutralize the acute negative effects of SS on CMJ performance. No significant acute effect of selected interventions on maximal and explosive strength of hip adductors was observed. Finally, sit-and-reach and hip abduction ROM increased after aerobic activity and continued to increase throughout the SS protocol, and was preserved 15 minutes post-SS. Our results confirm that SS can impair lower-body power in young soccer players, and that these negative effects last at least 15 minutes. Excessive use of SS, as performed in this study, should be avoided during warm-up of young soccer players.

中文翻译：

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有氧运动、静态拉伸和爆发力运动对年轻足球运动员肌肉表现和运动范围的急性影响

目前的研究旨在调查轻度有氧运动、静态拉伸 (SS)、力量和爆发力运动对下肢肌肉表现和运动范围 (ROM) 的急性影响。还研究了 SS 对性能和 ROM 的剂量反应效应。19 名年轻男足球运动员（年龄：13.9 ± 0.46 岁）参加了一项交叉随机试验。参与者进行了 5 分钟的有氧运动，然后是七次小腿、股四头肌、内收肌和腘绳肌的 SS，每次持续 20 秒。此外，在实验条件下，在SS后进行两组强化和爆发力练习。力量和力量通过反向运动跳跃 (CMJ) 和髋内收肌的最大自主收缩来评估，而 3 项柔韧性测试用于评估下半身的 ROM。重复测量方差分析显示有氧运动后 CMJ 性能增加，随后 SS 后以剂量依赖性方式下降，并在 SS 后 15 分钟继续存在。力量训练和爆发力训练并没有抵消 SS 对 CMJ 表现的严重负面影响。没有观察到选定的干预措施对髋内收肌的最大强度和爆发力的显着急性影响。最后，在有氧运动后，坐姿和外展 ROM 增加，并在整个 SS 方案中继续增加，并在 SS 后 15 分钟保持不变。我们的结果证实 SS 会削弱年轻足球运动员的下肢力量，并且这些负面影响至少会持续 15 分钟。在年轻足球运动员的热身期间，应避免在本研究中过度使用 SS。