Abstract Whitmore TJ, Riedinger-Whitmore MA, Reed ZE, Curtis JH, Yang H, Evans DE, Cropper NR, Alvarado KS, Lauterman FM, Scott A, Leonard CR, Franklin DL. 2020. Paleolimnological assessment of six lakes on the Kissimmee Chain, with implications for restoration of the Kissimmee–Okeechobee–Everglades system, Florida, USA. Lake Reserv Manage. 36:218–242. The Kissimmee Basin in south central Florida contains a large, freshwater network that includes the Kissimmee River and nearly 2 dozen lakes that are headwaters of the Florida Everglades. Management of these lakes is an important part of Everglades restoration. We report a paleolimnological investigation of 6 lakes in the Upper Kissimmee Basin. Engineering activities connected the lakes and permanently altered hydrology in the 19th and 20th centuries. The lakes were naturally meso-eutrophic, but changes in lake levels and nutrient loading contributed to different degrees of eutrophication. Cyanobacteria were present historically at low levels in Lakes East Tohopekaliga, Cypress, and Tohopekaliga, but increased during the 20th century. Lake Jackson lacked cyanobacteria until recently, but Lakes Kissimmee and Marian have had high levels of cyanobacteria since predisturbance times. Profound changes in the lakes occurred after engineering activities eliminated natural large fluctuations in water levels that periodically dried large portions of the basins. Salt-tolerant biological indicators previously alternated with freshwater organisms. Large water-level fluctuations moderated aquatic-plant standing crops and reduced organic matter accumulation. Lakes Kissimmee and Marian showed greatest evidence of former associated wetlands, but lacked large variations in water levels. We recommend disconnecting these lakes from each other and from the Kissimmee River to reestablish large, natural fluctuations in water levels that were part of healthy ecosystem function. Former wetlands should be restored to slow the downstream cascade of nutrients to Lake Okeechobee and the Everglades. This study demonstrates that paleolimnology is useful for assessing hydrological changes that potentially affect lake restoration efforts.

中文翻译：

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美国佛罗里达州基西米链上六个湖泊的古湖泊学评估，以及对基西米-奥基乔比-大沼泽地系统恢复的影响

摘要 Whitmore TJ、Riedinger-Whitmore MA、Reed ZE、Curtis JH、Yang H、Evans DE、Cropper NR、Alvarado KS、Lauterman FM、Scott A、Leonard CR、Franklin DL。2020. 对基西米链上六个湖泊的古湖泊学评估，对美国佛罗里达州基西米-奥基乔比-大沼泽地系统的恢复有影响。湖泊保护区管理。36:218-242。佛罗里达州中南部的基西米盆地包含一个大型淡水网络，其中包括基西米河和近 2 打是佛罗里达大沼泽地源头的湖泊。这些湖泊的管理是大沼泽地恢复的重要组成部分。我们报告了对上基西米盆地 6 个湖泊的古湖泊学调查。19 世纪和 20 世纪，工程活动将湖泊连接起来，并永久改变了水文。湖泊自然是中富营养化的，但是湖泊水位和养分负荷的变化导致了不同程度的富营养化。蓝藻历史上在东 Tohopekaliga、Cypress 和 Tohopekaliga 湖中含量较低，但在 20 世纪有所增加。杰克逊湖直到最近才缺乏蓝藻，但基西米湖和玛丽安湖自扰动前就已经有大量蓝藻。在工程活动消除了水位的自然大波动后，湖泊发生了深刻的变化，这些波动会定期使大部分盆地干燥。耐盐生物指标以前与淡水生物交替出现。大的水位波动缓和了水生植物的站立作物并减少了有机物质的积累。基西米湖和玛丽安湖显示了以前相关湿地的最大证据，但水位变化不大。我们建议将这些湖泊彼此断开并与基西米河断开连接，以重建作为健康生态系统功能一部分的水位的巨大自然波动。应该恢复以前的湿地，以减缓向奥基乔比湖和大沼泽地下游的营养物质级联。这项研究表明，古湖泊学可用于评估可能影响湖泊恢复工作的水文变化。