The reactive cathodic arc deposition technique was used to produce Ti nitride and oxynitride coatings on 304 stainless steel substrates (SS). Both mono (SS/TiN, SS/TiNO) and bilayer coatings (SS/TiN/TiNO and SS/TiNO/TiN) were investigated in terms of elemental and phase composition, microstructure, grain size, morphology, and roughness. The corrosion behavior in a solution consisting of 0.10 M NaCl + 1.96 M H₂O₂ was evaluated, aiming for biomedical applications. The results showed that the coatings were compact, homogeneously deposited on the substrate, and displaying rough surfaces. The XRD analysis indicated that both mono and bilayer coatings showed only cubic phases with (111) and (222) preferred orientations. The highest crystallinity was shown by the SS/TiN coating, as indicated also by the largest grain size of 23.8 nm, which progressively decreased to 16.3 nm for the SS/TiNO monolayer. The oxynitride layers exhibited the best in vitro corrosion resistance either as a monolayer or as a top layer in the bilayer structure, making them a good candidate for implant applications.

中文翻译：

---

沉积在不锈钢上的氮化钛和基于氧氮化物的生物相容性涂层的体外腐蚀

反应阴极电弧沉积技术用于在304不锈钢基底（SS）上生产氮化钛和氮氧化物涂层。研究了单涂层（SS / TiN，SS / TiNO）和双层涂层（SS / TiN / TiNO和SS / TiNO / TiN）的元素和相组成，微观结构，晶粒尺寸，形态和粗糙度。在由0.10 M NaCl + 1.96 MH ₂ O ₂组成的溶液中的腐蚀行为针对生物医学应用进行了评估。结果表明，涂​​层致密，均匀地沉积在基材上，并显示粗糙的表面。XRD分析表明，单层和双层涂层均仅显示具有（111）和（222）优选取向的立方相。SS / TiN涂层显示出最高的结晶度，最大晶粒尺寸为23.8 nm也表明了这一点，对于SS / TiNO单层，晶粒逐渐减小至16.3 nm。作为双层结构中的单层或顶层，氧氮化物层均显示出最佳的体外耐腐蚀性，使其成为植入应用的良好候选者。