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Biotechnological interventions for the sustainable management of a global pest, whitefly (Bemisia tabaci)
Insect Science ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-22 , DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12853 Archna Suhag 1 , Honey Yadav 2 , Darshna Chaudhary 2 , S Subramanian 3 , Ranjana Jaiwal 1 , Pawan K Jaiwal 2
Insect Science ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-22 , DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12853 Archna Suhag 1 , Honey Yadav 2 , Darshna Chaudhary 2 , S Subramanian 3 , Ranjana Jaiwal 1 , Pawan K Jaiwal 2
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Whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) are polyphagous invasive hemipteran insects that cause serious losses of important crops by directly feeding on phloem sap and transmitting pathogenic viruses. These insects have emerged as a major threat to global agriculture and food security. Chemically synthesized insecticides are currently the only option to control whiteflies, but the ability of whiteflies to evolve resistance against insecticides has made the management of these insects very difficult. Natural host-plant resistance against whiteflies identified in some crop plants has not been exploited to a great extent. Genetic engineering approaches, such as transgenics and RNA interference (RNAi), are potentially useful for the control of whiteflies. Transgenic plants harboring insecticidal toxins/lectins developed via nuclear or chloroplast transformation are a promising vehicle for whitefly control. Double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) of several insect genes, delivered either through microinjection into the insect body cavity or orally via an artificial diet and transiently or stably expressed in transgenic plants, have controlled whiteflies in model plants and in some crops at the laboratory level, but not at the field level. In this review, we highlight the merits and demerits of each delivery method along with strategies for sustained delivery of dsRNAs via fungal entomopathogen/endosymbiont or nontransgenic RNAi approaches, foliar sprays, root absorption or nanocarriers as well as the factors affecting efficient RNAi and their biosafety issues. Genome sequencing and transcriptome studies of whitefly species are facilitating the selection of appropriate genes for RNAi and gene-editing technology for the efficient and resilient management of whiteflies and their transmitted viruses.
中文翻译：
可持续管理全球害虫粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）的生物技术干预措施
粉虱（Bemisia tabaci) 是一种多食性入侵半翅目昆虫，通过直接取食韧皮部汁液并传播病原病毒，造成重要农作物的严重损失。这些昆虫已成为全球农业和粮食安全的主要威胁。化学合成的杀虫剂是目前控制粉虱的唯一选择，但粉虱进化出对杀虫剂的抗性的能力使得对这些昆虫的管理变得非常困难。在某些作物植物中鉴定出的针对粉虱的天然宿主植物抗性尚未得到很大程度的利用。基因工程方法，如转基因和 RNA 干扰 (RNAi)，可能对控制粉虱有用。通过核或叶绿体转化开发的含有杀虫毒素/凝集素的转基因植物是控制粉虱的有前途的载体。几种昆虫基因的双链 RNA (dsRNA)，通过显微注射进入昆虫体腔或通过人工饮食口服，并在转基因植物中瞬时或稳定表达，在实验室水平控制了模式植物和一些作物中的粉虱，但不是在现场级别。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了每种递送方法的优缺点，以及通过真菌昆虫病原体/内共生体或非转基因 RNAi 方法、叶面喷洒、根部吸收或纳米载体持续递送 dsRNA 的策略，以及影响有效 RNAi 及其生物安全性的因素问题。
更新日期：2020-07-22
中文翻译：
可持续管理全球害虫粉虱（Bemisia tabaci）的生物技术干预措施
粉虱（Bemisia tabaci) 是一种多食性入侵半翅目昆虫，通过直接取食韧皮部汁液并传播病原病毒，造成重要农作物的严重损失。这些昆虫已成为全球农业和粮食安全的主要威胁。化学合成的杀虫剂是目前控制粉虱的唯一选择，但粉虱进化出对杀虫剂的抗性的能力使得对这些昆虫的管理变得非常困难。在某些作物植物中鉴定出的针对粉虱的天然宿主植物抗性尚未得到很大程度的利用。基因工程方法，如转基因和 RNA 干扰 (RNAi)，可能对控制粉虱有用。通过核或叶绿体转化开发的含有杀虫毒素/凝集素的转基因植物是控制粉虱的有前途的载体。几种昆虫基因的双链 RNA (dsRNA)，通过显微注射进入昆虫体腔或通过人工饮食口服，并在转基因植物中瞬时或稳定表达，在实验室水平控制了模式植物和一些作物中的粉虱，但不是在现场级别。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了每种递送方法的优缺点，以及通过真菌昆虫病原体/内共生体或非转基因 RNAi 方法、叶面喷洒、根部吸收或纳米载体持续递送 dsRNA 的策略，以及影响有效 RNAi 及其生物安全性的因素问题。
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