Abstract The focus of the present study is to estimate the active surface deformation/displacement affecting the landscape of the eastern Kachchh basin with a particular emphasis on the Wagad, Khadir Island, Bela Island, Chorar Island, and adjoining regions by implementing Differential Interferometry Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) technique using ENVISAT and SENTINEL-1A radar imagery. To evaluate the deformation pattern using DInSAR, we used ENVISAT-ASAR 2003 to 2005 and 2006 to 2009 data products and SENTINEL-1A data set of 2018–2020. The cumulative displacement of 0.2–0.3 cm for the period of 2003–2005 and 0.19–0.22 cm for the period of 2006–2009 has been observed for the South Wagad Fault region. Similarly, the results acquired from SENTINEL-1A data set revealed a cumulative displacement of 0.16–0.18 cm for the period of 2018–2020. The Island Belt Fault zone shows 0.27 cm displacement, while it is 0.10–0.17 cm for the Gedi Fault zone. The rate of deformation estimated from the present study is well corroborated with the existing results of GPS driven uplift rates. The combined results of DInSAR and GPS indicate that the northern part of the Wagad region is deforming much faster than the south Wagad region. The displacement detected to the east of the epicentral zone of the 2001 Bhuj earthquake indicates the presence of a zone of weaker structures, which may trigger a large magnitude earthquake in the future. Our estimated results of the short-term ground displacement are well corroborated with the existing geological information. This ground displacement is attributed to the tectonic subsidence towards the eastern part of the South Wagad Fault region and within the wide zone of the Island Belt Fault and Gedi Fault zones. The areas with a high amount of displacement have experienced continuous seismicity during the last two decades in the Eastern Kachchh region and might encounter moderate to high seismicity in the near future. The results also provide a better understanding of the active surface deformation pattern taking place in the seismically sensitive eastern Kachchh region.

中文翻译：

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印度西部 Kachchh 地区东部活动地表变形的估计：多传感器 DInSAR 技术的应用

摘要 本研究的重点是通过实施差分干涉合成孔径估计影响 Kachchh 盆地东部景观的活跃地表变形/位移，特别强调 Wagad、Khadir 岛、Bela 岛、Chorar 岛和毗邻地区。使用 ENVISAT 和 SENTINEL-1A 雷达图像的雷达 (DInSAR) 技术。为了使用 DInSAR 评估变形模式，我们使用了 ENVISAT-ASAR 2003 至 2005 和 2006 至 2009 年的数据产品以及 2018-2020 年的 SENTINEL-1A 数据集。在南瓦加德断层区观测到 2003-2005 年期间 0.2-0.3 厘米和 2006-2009 年期间 0.19-0.22 厘米的累积位移。同样，从 SENTINEL-1A 数据集获得的结果显示 2018-2020 年期间的累积位移为 0.16-0.18 cm。岛带断裂带位移0.27 cm，格地断裂带位移0.10～0.17 cm。本研究估计的变形率与 GPS 驱动的抬升率的现有结果得到了很好的证实。DInSAR 和 GPS 的综合结果表明，Wagad 地区北部的变形速度比 Wagad 南部地区快得多。在 2001 年普杰地震震中带以东检测到的位移表明存在较弱结构的区域，这可能在未来引发大地震。我们对短期地面位移的估计结果与现有的地质信息得到了很好的证实。这种地面位移归因于朝向南瓦加德断层区东部和岛带断层和格迪断层带的广阔区域内的构造沉降。过去 20 年间，东克奇地区的位移量大的地区经历了连续的地震活动，并且在不久的将来可能会遇到中到高的地震活动。结果还提供了对地震敏感的东部 Kachch 地区发生的活动地表变形模式的更好理解。