Abstract Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) is an emerging and feasible underwater communication technology and has developed rapidly in recent years. Building a high-performance and practical UWOC system requires comprehensive consideration and optimization design from the device to the system, as well as from the internal modulation to the external environment. This paper provides an overview of the recent developments in UWOC systems, covering aspects about the system transmitters and receivers, advanced modulation formats and underwater channels. Some key technologies to improve transmission capacity of UWOC are classified and summarized to provide guidance for system design. The main challenges and perspectives to achieve a reliable UWOC system are also mentioned. The summary and analysis of these advances and techniques will shed light on the future development of UWOC technology and assist in the construction of the internet of underwater things.

中文翻译：

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水下无线光通信的最新进展与展望

摘要 水下无线光通信（UWOC）是一种新兴的、可行的水下通信技术，近年来发展迅速。构建高性能实用的UWOC系统，需要从设备到系统，从内部调制到外部环境，进行全面的考量和优化设计。本文概述了 UWOC 系统的最新发展，涵盖系统发射机和接收机、高级调制格式和水下信道等方面。对提高UWOC传输能力的一些关键技术进行分类总结，为系统设计提供指导。还提到了实现可靠 UWOC 系统的主要挑战和前景。