At the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic will have infected more than 12 million people and taken the lives of nearly 600,000 individuals world-wide [1]. While containment and treatment strategies have focused primarily on social distancing, therapeutics, and vaccines, the pandemic has also revealed serious underlying vulnerabilities in individuals infected by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. The vulnerable aspects include advanced age, obesity [and its comorbidities, diabetes and chronic heart diseases], systemic coagulopathy or thrombosis [2], acute respiratory failure (e.g., hypoxia), inflammation, immunodeficiency, and neuropathologies [3,4]. The evidence for vulnerable people is supported by early reports on the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States that revealed ethnic, racial, and socio-economic disparities that resulted in some sectors of the population being disproportionally affected by COVID-19. Some of the sectors showing disproportionate rates of infection and death included men, American Indians, Alaska Natives, Blacks, Latinos, older adults, recent immigrants, and individuals with low income [5,6]. What is largely missed by the public, researchers, and healthcare providers is how nutrition and food intersect with this multiplicity of COVID-19 symptoms and disparities, in different ways and to different degrees.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19：为下一次大流行重新定位营养研究

在撰写本文时，COVID-19 大流行将在全球范围内感染超过 1200 万人并夺走近 600,000 人的生命 [1]。虽然遏制和治疗策略主要集中在社会疏远、治疗和疫苗上，但大流行也揭示了感染冠状病毒 SARS-CoV-2 的个体存在严重的潜在脆弱性。脆弱的方面包括高龄、肥胖[及其合并症、糖尿病和慢性心脏病]、全身性凝血病或血栓形成 [2]、急性呼吸衰竭（例如缺氧）、炎症、免疫缺陷和神经病变 [3,4]。关于美国 COVID-19 大流行的早期报告支持了弱势群体的证据，该报告揭示了种族、种族、和社会经济差距导致部分人口受到 COVID-19 的不成比例影响。一些显示出感染率和死亡率不成比例的部门包括男性、美洲印第安人、阿拉斯加原住民、黑人、拉丁裔、老年人、新移民和低收入人群 [5,6]。公众、研究人员和医疗保健提供者在很大程度上忽略了营养和食物如何以不同方式和不同程度与这种多种 COVID-19 症状和差异相交。