Hypothalamic hamartomas (HH) are rare, non-neoplastic heterotopic tissues which contains normal neurons and glia including oligodendrocytes and fibrillary astrocytes but in an abnormal distribution. They arise from the floor of the third ventricle, tuber cinereum, or mammillary bodies. Estimated incidence ranges from 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 1,000,000. Hypothalamic hamartomas are associated with different clinical presentations including various types of seizures, most characteristically; the gelastic seizures, precocious puberty, cognitive impairment and behavioral changes. In this review, the authors discuss the recent advancements in different modalities of radiotherapy and their application in hypothalamic hamartomas management.

中文翻译：

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下丘脑错构瘤：文献综合回顾 - 第 3 部分：放射治疗管理更新

下丘脑错构瘤 (HH) 是罕见的非肿瘤异位组织，包含正常神经元和神经胶质，包括少突胶质细胞和纤维状星形胶质细胞，但分布异常。它们起源于第三脑室底、灰质结节或乳头体。估计的发病率为五万分之一到百万分之一。下丘脑错构瘤与不同的临床表现有关，包括各种类型的癫痫发作，最典型的是；凝胶性癫痫发作、性早熟、认知障碍和行为改变。在这篇综述中，作者讨论了不同放疗方式的最新进展及其在下丘脑错构瘤治疗中的应用。