The Anatolian peninsula otherwise known as Asia Minor is considered one of the centers that shaped grape (Vitis spp.) evolution and domestication. This region with diverse ecological conditions also has a long history of viticulture and growing grapes has been a part of the local culture since very old times. However, very little information is available on genetic analysis of Anatolian grape germplasm. This study reports on genetic analyses of 88 grapevine cultivars from Central Anatolia using 17 microsatellite (SSR) loci. The average number of alleles per locus was 9.18, ranging from 5 to 15. The highest heterozygosity rate was obtained for the SSR loci “VVS2” and “VMC2H4.” Genetic distances between populations ranged from 0.056 to 0.207 and two cases of identical, seven cases of homonymous, and nine cases of synonymous grape cultivar groups were identified. Based on comparisons with international Vitis databases, it has been determined that “Moldova-Coarna Neagra” cultivar is synonymous with some Anatolian cultivars. In addition, investigation of the genetic diversity of 20 genotypes of Anatolian wild germplasm revealed a higher level of genetic diversity in wild populations than in cultivated ones at the studied microsatellite loci. The results reported here should not only contribute towards better management of the grape germplasm of the region but also provide new insights into grape domestication.

安纳托利亚半岛（又称小亚细亚）被认为是塑造葡萄的中心之一（葡萄spp。）进化和驯化。这个生态条件多样的地区也拥有悠久的葡萄栽培历史，自古以来，种植葡萄就已成为当地文化的一部分。但是，关于安纳托利亚葡萄种质遗传分析的信息很少。这项研究报告了使用17个微卫星（SSR）基因座对安纳托利亚中部88个葡萄品种进行的遗传分析。每个基因座的平均等位基因数为9.18，范围为5至15。SSR位点“ VVS2”和“ VMC2H4”的杂合率最高。群体之间的遗传距离范围为0.056至0.207，鉴定出两个相同的案例，七个同义的案例和九个同义的葡萄品种组。根据与国际Vitis的比较在数据库中，已经确定“摩尔多瓦-科纳·内格拉”品种与某些安纳托利亚品种是同义词。另外，对安纳托利亚野生种质的20个基因型的遗传多样性的调查显示，在所研究的微卫星基因座上，野生种群的遗传多样性水平高于耕种种群的遗传多样性水平。此处报告的结果不仅应有助于更好地管理该地区的葡萄种质，还应提供有关葡萄驯化的新见识。