The quality of the perovskite light absorption layer plays a dynamic role in the photovoltaic properties of solar cells. The existing methods to prepare methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI₃) films render substantial structural defect density, particularly at the grain boundaries and film surface, constituting a challenge that hinders the further optoelectronic enhancement of perovskite solar cells. Herein, a unique approach was introduced: using a simple ethylammonium chloride (EACl) additive in perovskite precursor mixture to produce high-quality MAPbI₃ thin films. The results indicated that EACl could encourage perovskite crystal growth without experiencing the intermediate phase formation and would evaporate from the perovskite after annealing. Additionally, a gradient perovskite structure was achieved using this technique, which impressively enhanced the performance of the perovskite films. A high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.03% was achieved under the optimal amount of EACl, and the resultant efficient device could retain over 89% of the original PCE after aging for 1000 h at room temperature. This novel technique leads to a facile fabrication of high-quality and less-defect perovskite thin films for competent and stable devices.

钙钛矿光吸收层的质量在太阳能电池的光伏特性中起着动态的作用。现有的制备甲基铵碘化铅（MAPbI ₃）膜的方法尤其在晶界和膜表面产生了显着的结构缺陷密度，这构成了阻碍钙钛矿太阳能电池进一步光电增强的挑战。本文介绍了一种独特的方法：在钙钛矿前体混合物中使用简单的乙基氯化铵（EACl）添加剂生产高质量的MAPbI ₃薄膜。结果表明，EACl可以促进钙钛矿晶体的生长而不经历中间相的形成，并且在退火后会从钙钛矿中蒸发。另外，使用该技术获得了梯度钙钛矿结构，从而显着提高了钙钛矿薄膜的性能。在最佳的EACl量下实现了20.03％的高功率转换效率（PCE），并且在室温下老化1000小时后，所得的高效器件可以保留原始PCE的89％以上。这项新颖的技术可以轻松制造出高质量，缺陷少的钙钛矿薄膜，以生产出性能稳定的设备。