This study investigates the contributions made by Gaspard Monge and the students of his School to the stereotomy of vaulted systems in France between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The complexity of the apparatuses and the generality of the proposed solutions express the extent of the contributions that descriptive geometry made to the applications that preceded it. First among these stereotomy, which, though in decline from an operational point of view, was considered fundamental in the schools that were then being founded. The ellipsoidal vault, the helicoidal apparatus and the arriere voussure de Marseille are expressions of the relationship between the operability of stereotomy and the theoretical speculations of descriptive geometry, which operates through the synthetic language of drawing. These applications make explicit a modus operandi, capable of resolving the problems of defining, representing and expressing the geometric properties of figures using the synthetic methods of descriptive geometry.

中文翻译：

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École Polytechnique 拱形系统的立体切开术

这项研究调查了 Gaspard Monge 和他的学校的学生对十八至十九世纪法国拱形系统的立体结构的贡献。设备的复杂性和所提出的解决方案的普遍性表达了描述性几何对其之前的应用做出的贡献的程度。首先是这些刻板印象，虽然从操作的角度来看正在下降，但在当时成立的学校中被认为是基本的。椭圆形拱顶、螺旋形装置和马赛拱门是立体切开术的可操作性与描述性几何学的理论推测之间关系的表达，通过绘画的合成语言进行操作。