In recent years, brainwaves (EEG) have gained increasing attention in the field of biometric authentication because they feature vital advantages being more secure and impossible to replicate. In this paper, a new approach for the EEG-based biometric recognition system is proposed using steady-state Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEPs). This class of modular brainwaves adds extra features to the system like cancelability and two-step authentication. To investigate the biometric potential of AEPs, brainwaves from 40 subjects were recorded while being stimulated by multiple auditory tones modulated at two frequency bands; 40 Hz (m-40) and 80 Hz (m-80). Each subject participated in two sessions on two different days for time-permanence evaluation. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) techniques were adopted here for the rapid estimation of the AEPs using canonical correlation analysis. The energy distribution of the AEPs in different frequency bands represented the subject-unique features. For intra-session setup, correct recognition rates up to 96.46% and equal error rates as low as 0% were achieved using the m-80 stimulation over all the 40 subjects. Moreover, results across different sessions showed high recognition rates (94.5 - 96.5%) and low error rates (2 - 4%) over the same number of subjects. These results show that AEPs carry subject discriminating features allowing the possibility of employing AEPs as a biometric trait.

中文翻译：

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使用稳态AEP和主题唯一空间过滤器的基于EEG的人类识别

近年来，脑电波（EEG）在生物识别技术领域受到越来越多的关注，因为它们具有更安全，不可复制的重要优势。在本文中，提出了一种使用稳态听觉诱发电位（AEP）的基于EEG的生物识别系统的新方法。此类模块化脑电波为系统增加了其他功能，例如可取消性和两步身份验证。为了研究AEP的生物识别潜力，记录了来自40名受试者的脑电波，同时受到在两个频带调制的多种听觉声的刺激。40 Hz（m-40）和80 Hz（m-80）。每个受试者在两个不同的日期参加两次会议以评估时间持久性。此处采用脑机接口（BCI）技术，以使用规范相关分析快速估计AEP。AEP在不同频带中的能量分布代表了主题独特的特征。对于会话内设置，使用m-80刺激在所有40位受试者中获得了高达96.46％的正确识别率和低至0％的相等错误率。此外，不同课程的结果显示，在相同数量的受试者中，识别率较高（94.5-96.5％），错误率较低（2-4％）。这些结果表明，AEP具有受试者区分特征，从而允许将AEP用作生物特征。使用m-80刺激在所有40位受试者中获得了高达96.46％的正确识别率和低至0％的相等错误率。此外，不同课程的结果显示，在相同数量的受试者中，识别率较高（94.5-96.5％），错误率较低（2-4％）。这些结果表明，AEP具有受试者区分特征，从而允许将AEP用作生物特征。使用m-80刺激在所有40位受试者中获得了高达96.46％的正确识别率和低至0％的相等错误率。此外，不同课程的结果显示，在相同数量的受试者中，识别率较高（94.5-96.5％），错误率较低（2-4％）。这些结果表明，AEP具有受试者区分特征，从而允许将AEP用作生物特征。