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Phosphorus Species in Deep-sea Carbonate Deposits: Implications for Phosphorus Cycling in Cold Seep Environments
Minerals ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-21 , DOI: 10.3390/min10070645
Junlie Zhou , Mengran Du , Jiwei Li , Hengchao Xu , Kaiwen Ta , Shun Chen , Xiaotong Peng

Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient for biological communities in cold seeps. However, our knowledge on the source, species, and cycling of P in cold seep environments is limited. In this study, the concentration, species, and micro to nanometer scale distribution of P in seep carbonates were examined at three deep-sea cold seeps in the South China Sea and East China Sea. The Ca-P accounts for the largest proportion of P—followed by detrital-P, Fe-P, organic-P, and exchangeable-P. The distribution patterns of Ca-P, detrital-P, and organic-P in the seep carbonates differ from one another, as shown by elemental mapping with NanoSIMS and scanning electron microscopy. The covariation of P with Ca and C reveals that Ca-P co-precipitates with Ca-carbonate, which is linked to the process of sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane. Organic-P is also observed within biofilm-like organic carbon aggregates, revealing the microbial enrichment of P by fluids in the process of anaerobic oxidation of methane. P with a granulated morphology was identified as detrital-P derived from deep sediments. Most importantly, it is evident that Ca-P is positively correlated to the Fe content in all the seep carbonates. This indicates the likelihood that the dissolved P in cold-seep fluids is released primarily from Fe oxides through Fe-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane in deep sediments. These processes associated with different species of P may have significant implications for P geochemical cycling and anaerobic oxidation of methane impelled by Fe and sulfate reduction in cold seep environments.

中文翻译:

深海碳酸盐矿床中的磷物种:对冷渗流环境中磷循环的影响

磷是冷渗漏中生物群落的重要营养素。但是,我们对冷渗透环境中磷的来源,种类和循环的了解是有限的。在这项研究中,在南海和东海的三个深海冷渗流中,研究了渗碳碳酸盐中P的浓度,种类以及微米至纳米尺度的分布。Ca-P占P的最大比例,其次是碎屑P,Fe-P,有机P和可交换P。渗碳碳酸盐中Ca-P,碎屑P和有机P的分布模式互不相同,如使用NanoSIMS进行元素映射和扫描电子显微镜所显示。P与Ca和C的共变揭示了Ca-P与Ca-碳酸盐共沉淀,这与硫酸盐驱动的甲烷厌氧氧化过程有关。在生物膜状有机碳聚集体中也观察到有机磷,揭示了甲烷厌氧氧化过程中流体对磷的微生物富集。具有颗粒状形态的磷被鉴定为碎屑状磷,来源于深部沉积物。最重要的是,很明显,Ca-P与所有渗透碳酸盐中的Fe含量呈正相关。这表明冷深流体中溶解的P主要通过Fe驱动的厌氧氧化深层沉积物中的甲烷,主要从Fe氧化物中释放出来。这些与不同种类的P相关的过程可能对P的地球化学循环以及在冷渗流环境中Fe激发的甲烷的厌氧氧化和硫酸盐的还原具有重要意义。揭示了甲烷厌氧氧化过程中流体对磷的微生物富集。具有颗粒状形态的磷被鉴定为碎屑状磷,来源于深部沉积物。最重要的是,很明显,Ca-P与所有渗透碳酸盐中的Fe含量呈正相关。这表明冷深流体中溶解的P主要通过Fe驱动的厌氧氧化深层沉积物中的甲烷,主要从Fe氧化物中释放出来。这些与不同种类的P相关的过程可能对P的地球化学循环以及在冷渗流环境中Fe激发的甲烷的厌氧氧化和硫酸盐的还原具有重要意义。揭示了在厌氧氧化甲烷过程中流体对磷的富集。具有颗粒状形态的磷被鉴定为碎屑状磷,来源于深部沉积物。最重要的是,很明显,Ca-P与所有渗透碳酸盐中的Fe含量呈正相关。这表明冷深流体中溶解的P主要通过Fe驱动的厌氧氧化深层沉积物中的甲烷,主要从Fe氧化物中释放出来。这些与不同种类的P相关的过程可能对P的地球化学循环以及在冷渗流环境中Fe激发的甲烷的厌氧氧化和硫酸盐的还原具有重要意义。最重要的是,很明显,Ca-P与所有渗透碳酸盐中的Fe含量呈正相关。这表明冷深流体中溶解的P主要通过Fe驱动的厌氧氧化深层沉积物中的甲烷,主要从Fe氧化物中释放出来。这些与不同种类的P相关的过程可能对P的地球化学循环以及在冷渗流环境中Fe激发的甲烷的厌氧氧化和硫酸盐的还原具有重要意义。最重要的是,很明显,Ca-P与所有渗透碳酸盐中的Fe含量呈正相关。这表明冷深流体中溶解的P主要通过Fe驱动的厌氧氧化深层沉积物中的甲烷,主要从Fe氧化物中释放出来。这些与不同种类的P相关的过程可能对P的地球化学循环以及在冷渗流环境中Fe激发的甲烷的厌氧氧化和硫酸盐的还原具有重要意义。
更新日期:2020-07-21
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