High temperatures can negatively influence plant growth and development. Besides yield, the effects of heat stress on fruit quality traits remain poorly characterised. In tomato, insights into how fruits regulate cellular metabolism in response to heat stress could contribute to the development of heat-tolerant varieties, without detrimental effects on quality. In the present study, the changes occurring in wild type tomato fruits after exposure to transient heat stress have been elucidated at the transcriptome, cellular and metabolite level. An impact on fruit quality was evident as nutritional attributes changed in response to heat stress. Fruit carotenogenesis was affected, predominantly at the stage of phytoene formation, although altered desaturation/isomerisation arose during the transient exposure to high temperatures. Plastidial isoprenoid compounds showed subtle alterations in their distribution within chromoplast sub-compartments. Metabolite profiling suggests limited effects on primary/intermediary metabolism but lipid remodelling was evident. The heat-induced molecular signatures included the accumulation of sucrose and triacylglycerols, and a decrease in the degree of membrane lipid unsaturation, which influenced the volatile profile. Collectively, these data provide valuable insights into the underlying biochemical and molecular adaptation of fruit to heat stress and will impact on our ability to develop future climate resilient tomato varieties.

中文翻译：

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番茄果实对高温生理适应的转录组学、代谢组学和细胞学方法

高温会对植物的生长和发育产生负面影响。除了产量之外，热应激对果实品质性状的影响仍然很差。在番茄中，深入了解水果如何调节细胞代谢以响应热应激可能有助于耐热品种的开发，而不会对质量产生不利影响。在本研究中，已经在转录组、细胞和代谢物水平阐明了暴露于瞬时热应激后野生型番茄果实发生的变化。对水果质量的影响是显而易见的，因为营养属性会因热应激而发生变化。水果类胡萝卜素生成受到影响，主要是在八氢番茄红素形成阶段，尽管在短暂暴露于高温期间出现了改变的去饱和/异构化。质体类异戊二烯化合物在其在有色体亚隔室中的分布显示出细微的变化。代谢物分析表明对初级/中间代谢的影响有限，但脂质重塑是明显的。热诱导的分子特征包括蔗糖和三酰甘油的积累，以及膜脂不饱和度的降低，这影响了挥发性特征。总的来说，这些数据为水果对热应激的潜在生化和分子适应提供了宝贵的见解，并将影响我们开发未来气候适应型番茄品种的能力。热诱导的分子特征包括蔗糖和三酰甘油的积累，以及膜脂不饱和度的降低，这影响了挥发性特征。总的来说，这些数据为水果对热应激的潜在生化和分子适应提供了宝贵的见解，并将影响我们开发未来气候适应型番茄品种的能力。热诱导的分子特征包括蔗糖和三酰甘油的积累，以及膜脂不饱和度的降低，这影响了挥发性特征。总的来说，这些数据为水果对热应激的潜在生化和分子适应提供了宝贵的见解，并将影响我们开发未来气候适应型番茄品种的能力。