Soil‐test biological activity (STBA) is a key indicator describing the functions of soil to catabolize organic amendments, promote soil organic C sequestration, and cycle nutrients. We explored how climatic zone, land use, and physiographic region affected the relationship of STBA with several soil fertility properties and processes. Soils from Georgia, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Virginia (wet climate) were Aquults, Fluvents, Udalfs, Udepts, and Udults and soils from Nebraska and Oklahoma (dry climate) were Udolls and Ustolls. Annual cropland and perennial pasture were the land uses. The Prairie region had silt loam and silty clay loams, the Ridge–Valley region had silt loams, and the Piedmont and Coastal Plain regions had fine sandy loam, loam, sandy clay loam, and sandy loams. Across all locations, STBA with the flush of CO₂ during 3 d following rewetting of dried soil was most strongly associated with cumulative C mineralization, basal soil respiration, particulate organic C, potential N mineralization during 24 d of aerobic incubation, residual soil ammonium, soil microbial biomass C, and total soil N. Climatic zone modified the association between STBA and net N mineralization, possibly caused by greater N immobilization in drier soils with 2:1 clays. Physiographic region had a small effect on the relationship between STBA and net N mineralization. Land use did not alter this relationship significantly. Soil‐test biological activity was verified as a robust indicator of soil organic N supply, as well as of general soil biological condition to assess the soil's catabolic potential and potential C storage.

中文翻译：

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用二氧化碳冲洗土壤测试生物活性：VIII。土壤类型和管理多样性

土壤测试生物活性（STBA）是描述土壤分解代谢有机物，促进土壤固碳和养分循环的功能的关键指标。我们探讨了气候区，土地利用和地理区域如何影响STBA与几种土壤肥力特性和过程的关系。来自佐治亚州，北卡罗来纳州，宾夕法尼亚州和弗吉尼亚州（潮湿气候）的土壤为Aquults，Fluvents，Udalfs，Udepts和Udults，来自内布拉斯加和俄克拉荷马州（干燥气候）的土壤为Udolls和Ustolls。一年生农田和多年生牧场是土地用途。草原地区有粉壤土和粉质黏土壤土，里奇河谷地区有粉土壤土，皮埃蒙特和沿海平原地区有细砂质壤土，壤土，砂质黏土壤土和砂质壤土。在所有地点，STBA与CO齐平干燥土壤重新湿润后3 d中的₂与累积C矿化，基础土壤呼吸，有机碳颗粒，需氧培养24 d中潜在的N矿化，残留土壤铵，土壤微生物量C和总土壤N密切相关。气候带改变了STBA和净氮矿化之间的联系，这可能是由于在含2：1黏土的干燥土壤中更多地固定了氮。生理区域对STBA和净氮矿化之间的关系影响很小。土地使用并没有显着改变这种关系。验证了土壤测试的生物活性是土壤有机氮供应以及评估土壤分解代谢潜能和碳储量的一般土壤生物学条件的有力指标。