Mediterranean tectonics since the Lower Cretaceous has been characterized by a multiphase subduction and collision history with temporally and spatially variable, small‐scale plate configurations. A new shear wave velocity model of the Mediterranean upper mantle (MeRE2020), constrained by a very large set of over 200,000 broadband (8–350 s), interstation, Rayleigh wave, phase velocity curves, illuminates the complex structure and fragmentation of the subducting slabs. Phase velocity maps computed using these measurements were inverted for depth‐dependent, shear wave velocities using a stochastic particle‐swarm‐optimization (PSO) algorithm. The resulting three‐dimensional (3‐D) model makes possible an inventory of slab segments across the Mediterranean. Fourteen slab segments of 200–800 km length along‐strike are identified. We distinguish three categories of subducted slabs: attached slabs reaching down to the bottom of the model; shallow slabs of shorter length in downdip direction, terminating shallower than 300 km depth; and detached slab segments. The location of slab segments are consistent with and validated by the intermediate‐depth seismicity, where it is present. The new high‐resolution tomography demonstrates the intricate relationships between slab fragmentation and the evolution of the relatively small and highly curved subduction zones and collisional orogens characteristic of the Mediterranean realm.

中文翻译：

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高山-地中海地区的平板难题：来自上地幔的新型高分辨率剪切波速度模型的见解

下白垩纪以来的地中海构造具有多相俯冲和碰撞历史，具有随时间和空间变化的小规模板块构造。地中海上地幔的一个新的横波速度模型（MeRE2020），受大量超过200,000宽带（8–350 s），站间，瑞利波，相速度曲线的约束，阐明了俯冲的复杂结构和破碎平板。使用随机粒子群优化算法（PSO），将根据这些测量值计算出的相速度图反转为与深度相关的剪切波速度。由此产生的三维（3D）模型使整个地中海的板块清单成为可能。确定了14条沿走向长200-800 km的板段。我们将俯冲板分为三类：向下延伸到模型底部的连接板；在下倾方向上长度较短的浅板，终止于小于300 km的深度；和分离的板段。板段的位置与中深地震活动的存在位置相一致并得到验证。新的高分辨率层析成像技术显示了板块破碎与相对较小和高度弯曲的俯冲带的演化以及地中海地区特有的碰撞造山带之间的复杂关系。板段的位置与中深地震活动的所在位置相一致并得到验证。新的高分辨率层析成像技术显示了板块破碎与相对较小和高度弯曲的俯冲带的演化以及地中海地区特有的碰撞造山带之间的复杂关系。板段的位置与中深地震活动的所在位置相一致并得到验证。新的高分辨率层析成像技术显示了板块破碎与相对较小和高度弯曲的俯冲带的演化以及地中海地区特有的碰撞造山带之间的复杂关系。