Algae‐to‐biodiesel processes are hindered by high costs and low energy return on investment.^1,2. Herein, three foci in research improve algae‐to‐biodiesel processes by: (1) reducing high installation and energy costs in the CO₂ sequestration, cultivation, and harvesting stages; (2) improving oil extraction and biodiesel generation; and (3) increasing utilization of the proteins in lipid‐extracted biomass (e.g., for animal feed), as well as the omega‐3 fatty acids for nutraceuticals and food supplements. A process is introduced that uses carbon dioxide to aid in all three of these foci. CO₂ is used first in the form of microbubbles to lyse algae cell walls, releasing triglyceride oils. CO₂ also aids with transesterification of these triglycerides using methanol. At low temperatures (353.15–368.15 K) and intermediate pressures (5–10 MMPa), carbon dioxide causes methanol to dissolve partially in the triglyceride phase and triglyceride to dissolve partially in the methanol phase, increasing the transesterification reaction rate. Due to the nondestructive nature of these processes, other metabolites can also be harvested providing improvements in both mass and economic efficiency with an overall sharp reduction in the modeled price of biodiesel.

中文翻译：

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CO2强化藻类油提取生物柴油的过程

藻类到生物柴油的生产过程受到高成本和低能源投资回报的阻碍。^1,2。本文中，三个研究重点通过以下方面改善了藻类转化为生物柴油的过程：（1）减少了在CO ₂固存，栽培和收获阶段的高安装成本和能源成本；（2）改善采油和生物柴油的产生；（3）提高脂质提取的生物质中蛋白质的利用率（例如，用于动物饲料），以及将omega-3脂肪酸用于营养保健品和食品补充剂。引入了一种使用二氧化碳协助所有这三个病灶的方法。首先以微泡的形式使用CO ₂裂解藻类细胞壁，释放出甘油三酸酯油。一氧化碳₂甲醇还有助于这些甘油三酸酯的酯交换反应。在低温（353.15–368.15 K）和中压（5-10 MMPa）下，二氧化碳会使甲醇部分溶解在甘油三酸酯相中，而甘油三酸酯部分溶解在甲醇相中，从而提高了酯交换反应的速率。由于这些过程的非破坏性性质，还可以收获其他代谢物，从而提高质量和经济效率，同时整体降低生物柴油的建模价格。