The extraction of nucleic acids (NA) is an essential component of NA analysis. Without sufficient extraction and purification, contaminants co-existing with NAs often inhibit enzymatic amplification causing poor reproducibility and sensitivity. Numerous advancements in NA sampling in recent years have led to improvements in extraction yields from complex matrices and the reduction of analysis times. Perhaps most notable is the push towards miniaturization and automation to facilitate point-of-care testing. This article reviews the advancements and current trends in NA sample preparation including cell lysis and NA extraction.

中文翻译：

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核酸提取：样品制备方法，当前进展和未来努力的基础

核酸（NA）的提取是NA分析的重要组成部分。如果没有足够的提取和纯化，则与NAs共存的污染物通常会抑制酶促扩增，从而导致重现性和敏感性差。近年来，NA采样的许多进步已导致从复杂基质中提取产量的提高以及分析时间的减少。也许最值得注意的是向小型化和自动化的推动，以促进即时检验。本文回顾了NA样品制备的进展和当前趋势，包括细胞裂解和NA提取。