Introduction

Decellularized tissue exhibits cell matrix-like properties, along with reduced antigenicity. We explored the potential of decellularized allogeneic trachea to restore the upper respiratory tract, focusing on pediatric application. This study specifically aimed at long-term observation of tissue regeneration using a micro-miniature pig model.

Methods

Artificial defects (15 × 15 mm) in the subglottis and trachea of micro-miniature pigs were repaired by transplantation of either allogeneic decellularized or fresh (control) tracheal patches. Pigs were evaluated in situ, by bronchoscopy, every three months, and sacrificed for histological examination at six and twelve months after transplantation.

Results

No airway symptom was observed in any pig during the observation period. Bronchoscopy revealed the tracheal lumen to be restored by fresh grafts, showing an irregular surface with remarkable longitudinal compression; these changes were mild after restoration with decellularized grafts. Histologically, while fresh graft patches were denatured and replaced by calcified tissue, decellularized patches remained unchanged throughout the observation period. There were regeneration foci of cartilage adjacent to the grafts, and some foci joined the decellularized graft uniformly, suggesting the induction of tracheal reconstitution.

Conclusion

Allogeneic decellularized tracheal tissue could serve as a promising biomaterial for tracheal restoration, especially for pediatric patients at the growing stage.

中文翻译：

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生长阶段微型猪脱细胞气管异体移植气道重建的长期观察

介绍

脱细胞组织表现出细胞基质样特性，同时抗原性降低。我们探索了脱细胞异基因气管恢复上呼吸道的潜力，重点是儿科应用。这项研究专门针对使用微型猪模型对组织再生的长期观察。

方法

通过移植同种异体脱细胞或新鲜（对照）气管贴片来修复微型猪声门下和气管中的人工缺损（15 × 15 mm）。每三个月通过支气管镜对猪进行原位评估，并在移植后六个月和十二个月处死进行组织学检查。

结果

在观察期间没有观察到任何猪的气道症状。支气管镜检查显示气管管腔需用新鲜移植物修复，表面不规则，纵向受压明显；在用去细胞移植物修复后，这些变化是轻微的。组织学上，虽然新鲜的移植斑块变性并被钙化组织取代，但脱细胞斑块在整个观察期间保持不变。移植物附近有软骨再生灶，部分灶与脱细胞移植物均匀连接，提示气管重建的诱导。

结论

同种异体脱细胞气管组织可作为气管修复的有前途的生物材料，特别是对于处于成长阶段的儿科患者。