Traditional therapies for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remain hindered by the antibiotic resistance of the pathogen and the poor therapeutic compliance of patients. To address these issues, probiotics have been added as an adjunctive therapy. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy of probiotic supplementation during standard therapy on the eradication rate of H. pylori infection and incidence of therapy-related side effects. Four online databases were searched for eligible studies without language restriction. Review Manager (REVMAN, Version 5.3) was used to perform all data analyses. Forty articles including 5792 patients met our criteria and were included in the analysis. Notably, probiotic supplementation improved the eradication rate by approximately 10% relative to the control group [odds ratio (OR), 1.94, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.70–2.22, P < 0.00001]. The incidence of total side effects (OR, 0.56, 95% CI: 0.45–0.70, P < 0.00001) and individual symptoms (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting and nausea, constipation, epigastric pain, taste disturbance) also decreased significantly with probiotic supplementation. No other differences in side effects were observed between the experimental and control groups. Moreover, a longer duration (≥10 days) of probiotic treatment had positive effects on both eradication rate of H. pylori and incidence of overall side effects.

幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染的传统疗法仍然受到病原体的抗生素耐药性和患者不良的治疗依从性的阻碍。为了解决这些问题，已经添加了益生菌作为辅助疗法。这项荟萃分析旨在评估标准治疗期间补充益生菌对幽门螺杆菌根除率的疗效感染和与治疗有关的副作用的发生率。在四个在线数据库中搜索了没有语言限制的合格研究。评论管理器（REVMAN，版本5.3）用于执行所有数据分析。包括5792名患者的40篇文章符合我们的标准，并包含在分析中。值得注意的是，相对于对照组，补充益生菌可将根除率提高约10％[几率（OR），1.94、95％置信区间（CI）：1.70-2.22，P  <0.00001]。总副作用发生率（OR，0.56，95％CI：0.45-0.70，P <0.00001）和补充益生菌后，个人症状（例如腹泻，呕吐和恶心，便秘，上腹痛，味觉障碍）也显着降低。实验组和对照组之间未观察到其他副作用。而且，更长的益生菌治疗时间（≥10天）对幽门螺杆菌的根除率和总体副作用的发生都有积极的作用。