No studies systematically examined the intestinal immune response for yellow stage of European eel (Anguilla anguilla) with Aeromonas hydrophila infection by time-resolved RNA-seq. Here, we examined transcriptional profiles of the intestines at three-time points following infection with A. hydrophila. Intraperitoneal injections caused mortalities within 48 h post-injection (hpi), with the survival rate 87.5% at 24 hpi and 83.9% at 48 hpi. The result from KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that the immune related “cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway” was significantly enriched at the first and second time points (6 hpi and 18 hpi), with the up-regulated expression of irf3, il1b, tnfaip3, cxcl8a, ap1-2, c-fos, polr3d, polr3g and polr3k both at 6 hpi and 18 hpi, but not at the third time point (36 hpi). According to the KEGG annotation, 326 immune and inflammation-related DEGs were found. The co-expression network of those 326 DEGs revealed the existence of three modules, and tlr1 was found to be in the center of the biggest module which contained massive DEGs from “signal transduction” and “transport and catabolism”. The c3 isoforms showed different expression pattern among the three time points, indicating a unique activation of complement systems at 18 hpi. Furthermore, two cathelicidins (aaCATH_1 and aaCATH_2) were highly up-regulated at the first two time points, and the bacterial growth inhibition assay revealed their antibacterial properties against A. hydrophila. Our data indicated the important roles of cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway, as well as transcripts including tlr1, c3, polr and cathelicidins in the intestine of A. anguilla in response to A. hydrophila infection. The present study will provide leads for functional studies of host-pathogen interactions.

没有研究通过时间分辨的RNA-seq系统地检查欧洲鳗（Anguilla anguilla）患有嗜水气单胞菌感染的黄色阶段的肠道免疫反应。在这里，我们在三个时间点检查肠道的转录谱下感染嗜水气单。腹腔注射在注射后48 h内导致死亡，存活率在24 hpi时为87.5％，在48 hpi时为83.9％。KEGG途径富集分析的结果表明，与免疫相关的“胞质DNA感应途径”在第一个和第二个时间点（6 hpi和18 hpi）显着富集，而irf3，il1b，tnfaip3， cxcl8a，ap1-2，c-fos，polr3d，polr3g和polr3k均在6 hpi和18 hpi时出现，但不在第三时间点（36 hpi）出现。根据KEGG的注释，发现了326种免疫和炎症相关的DEG。这326个DEG的共表达网络揭示了三个模块的存在，并且tlr1位于最大模块的中心，该模块包含来自“信号转导”和“运输与分解代谢”的大量DEG。c3亚型在三个时间点之间显示出不同的表达模式，表明补体系统在18 hpi时发生了独特的激活。此外，在前两个时间点，两种cathelicidins（aaCATH_1和aaCATH_2）高度上调，细菌生长抑制实验表明它们对A.亲水性。我们的数据表明胞质DNA感测途径中的重要作用，以及转录物包括TLR1，C3，POLR和在肠道导管素A.鳗响应于嗜水感染。本研究将为宿主-病原体相互作用的功能研究提供线索。