Cryoablation, as a well-characterized technology, has multifarious clinical applications. But few are reported on ureteral endometriosis. Thus, we examined the feasibility and safety of cryotherapy with a novel balloon cryoprobe on ureter in a live porcine model. During the freezing and thawing cycle, temperature was recorded in different parts of the ureter in real-time. Two-minute cryoablation could induce necrosis within range in 1 cm diameter on serosa layer. The temperature respectively dropped to -136.5 °C, -96.1 °C and -17.5 °C at the cryotherapy center, 1 cm and 1.5 cm from center on serosal side. The ureters were harvested immediately, 2 weeks or 3 months after cryotherapy. No perforation, stricture, adhesions, or hydronephrosis was observed. Histopathologic representations of ureters after cryoablation indicated that full thickness necroses of ureters were seen in all samples. The results demonstrated ureteral cryoablation using a novel balloon probe was feasible, safe, and effective. These findings provided us reference before cryoablation could be applied in clinical practice in treating ureteral endometriosis.

中文翻译：

---

使用新型球囊冷冻探针冷冻消融猪输尿管的可行性和安全性

冷冻消融作为一种特征明确的技术，具有多种临床应用。但很少有关于输尿管子宫内膜异位症的报道。因此，我们在活猪模型中检查了在输尿管上使用新型球囊冷冻探针进行冷冻治疗的可行性和安全性。在冻融循环过程中，实时记录输尿管不同部位的温度。两分钟的冷冻消融可引起浆膜层直径 1 cm 范围内的坏死。冷冻治疗中心的温度分别下降到-136.5°C、-96.1°C和-17.5°C，距浆膜侧中心1厘米和1.5厘米。在冷冻治疗后 2 周或 3 个月后立即收获输尿管。未观察到穿孔、狭窄、粘连或肾积水。冷冻消融后输尿管的组织病理学表现表明，在所有样本中都可以看到输尿管全层坏死。结果表明，使用新型球囊探针进行输尿管冷冻消融是可行、安全和有效的。这些发现为我们在冷冻消融术应用于临床治疗输尿管子宫内膜异位症之前提供了参考。