Species diversity, functional diversity, species richness, and dominance are fundamental topics in conservation ecology, but studies on their interrelationship remain underexplored and controversial issues in the literature. This investigation is a critical analysis focusing on the interrelations between species taxonomic diversity (based on the Shannon diversity index), cell size-based functional diversity (as a measure of Rao’sQ), species richness (number of species), and species dominance (as per McNaughton’s dominance index) in marine phytoplankton communities. The results revealed no statistical relationship between Shannon’s and Rao’sQ diversity indices, as well as no correlation between these indices and species richness. The importance of the applied functional diversity metric (Rao’sQ) for data interpretation and the misuse of species richness as a species diversity surrogate in the literature were discussed. The taxonomic composition and cell size of the dominant species and the dominant index over time were described. The species dominance index was related to Shannon’s species diversity and Rao’sQ functional diversity according to a negative linear regression, and the inverse correlation between these properties was statistically significant suggesting the species dominance control over the examined diversity system. Patterns across the data sets of species dominance and total community cell abundance showed resembling temporal fluctuations over a 2-year period, implying that species dominance may be a critical driver affecting temporal variations in total community cell abundance. This work provides a comprehensive critical evaluation of the link between taxonomic and functional diversity, and information on the importance of phytoplankton species dominance in maintaining ecosystem functioning.

中文翻译：

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浮游植物群落中的生物多样性，规模功能多样性和物种优势相关性：对数据解释的批判性分析

物种多样性，功能多样性，物种丰富性和优势地位是保护生态学的基本主题，但是关于它们之间相互关系的研究在文献中仍未得到充分探讨和争议。这项研究是一项关键分析，重点关注物种分类多样性（基于香农多样性指数），基于细胞大小的功能多样性（作为Rao'sQ的量度），物种丰富度（物种数量）和物种优势之间的相互关系。 （根据McNaughton的优势指数）在海洋浮游植物群落中。结果表明，香农和饶氏Q多样性指数之间没有统计关系，而且这些指数与物种丰富度也没有相关性。讨论了应用功能多样性度量（Rao'sQ）在数据解释中的重要性以及作为物种多样性替代文献滥用物种丰富度的重要性。描述了优势物种的分类学组成和细胞大小以及优势指数随时间的变化。根据负线性回归，物种优势指数与香农的物种多样性和Rao'S Q功能多样性相关，并且这些属性之间的反相关具有统计学意义，表明对所研究的多样性系统具有物种优势控制。物种优势度和总群落细胞丰度数据集的模式显示，在2年期间内，时间波动类似，暗示物种优势可能是影响总群落细胞丰度随时间变化的关键驱动因素。这项工作对分类学和功能多样性之间的联系进行了全面的批判性评估，并提供了有关浮游植物物种优势对维持生态系统功能的重要性的信息。