A direct, shape- and scale-independent digital image measurement method of the surface area (SA) of individual objects is proposed. The algorithms presented herein utilize the brightness histogram of 8-bit greyscale images, and thus are referred to as a brightness histogram surface area measurement algorithm (BHSAMA). The proposed SA measurement technique allows the uncertainty of the single measurement reading to be evaluated by traditional error propagation. Furthermore, the numerical value of the propagated uncertainty reflects the pixel brightness gradient of the edge pixels. This fact alone presents a significant advantage to the current methods utilizing image segmentation and/or edge detection whose measurement uncertainties cannot be quantitatively analysed. The proposed method does not involve any shape-related approximations. Five examples illustrating the method are discussed. For method verification purposes, a series of digital simulations using a control sample of ...

中文翻译：

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通过亮度直方图从数字图像直接测量表面积

提出了一种直接，独立于形状和比例的数字图像测量单个对象的表面积（SA）的方法。本文提出的算法利用8位灰度图像的亮度直方图，因此被称为亮度直方图表面积测量算法（BHSAMA）。提出的SA测量技术允许通过传统的误差传播来评估单个测量读数的不确定性。此外，传播的不确定性的数值反映了边缘像素的像素亮度梯度。仅这一事实就为当前利用图像分割和/或边缘检测的方法带来了显着优势，这些方法的测量不确定度无法进行定量分析。所提出的方法不涉及任何形状相关的近似值。讨论了说明该方法的五个示例。出于方法验证的目的，使用...的控制样品进行了一系列数字仿真。