The purpose of this study was to determine stress envelopes for an intact tibiofemoral joint and to study how they vary with knee loading, external–internal rotation, varus–valgus rotation and cartilage degradation (osteoarthritis) using the finite element method. The envelopes were presented in terms of knee flexion angle. The maximum von Mises stress for all tibiofemoral joint components increased with increasing the axial compressive force magnitude. Menisci exhibited the highest magnitude of maximum von Mises stress as compared to the femoral and tibial cartilages. In a range of flexion angles between 0° and 100°, the medial meniscus exhibited the highest maximum von Mises stress than the lateral meniscus and the stress in medial meniscus tended to increase with increasing the flexion angle. External–internal and varus–valgus rotations changed the stress distribution: higher stress on lateral compartment but lower stress on medial compartment, and conversely. The internal rotation provided more extreme effect than the external rotation. For the knee osteoarthritis, cartilage degradation (early stage) caused maximum von Mises stress to increase on the intact menisci revealing that knee osteoarthritis could also cause meniscal tear. The late osteoarthritis caused the maximum von Mises stress to increase on the calcified cartilage and subchondral bone.

本研究的目的是确定完整胫股关节的应力包络，并使用有限元方法研究它们如何随膝关节负荷、外-内旋转、内翻-外翻旋转和软骨退化（骨关节炎）而变化。包络线以膝关节屈曲角度表示。所有胫股关节组件的最大 von Mises 应力随着轴向压缩力大小的增加而增加。与股骨和胫骨软骨相比，半月板表现出最高的最大 von Mises 应力。在0°和100°之间的屈曲角度范围内，内侧半月板的最大von Mises应力高于外侧半月板，并且内侧半月板的应力随着屈曲角度的增加而增加。外-内和内翻-外翻旋转改变了应力分布：外侧隔室的应力较高，而内侧隔室的应力较低，反之亦然。内旋提供了比外旋更极端的效果。对于膝骨关节炎，软骨退化（早期）导致完整半月板的最大 von Mises 应力增加，这表明膝骨关节炎也可能导致半月板撕裂。晚期骨关节炎导致钙化软骨和软骨下骨上的最大冯米塞斯应力增加。软骨退化（早期）导致完整半月板的最大 von Mises 应力增加，这表明膝关节骨关节炎也可能导致半月板撕裂。晚期骨关节炎导致钙化软骨和软骨下骨上的最大冯米塞斯应力增加。软骨退化（早期）导致完整半月板的最大 von Mises 应力增加，这表明膝关节骨关节炎也可能导致半月板撕裂。晚期骨关节炎导致钙化软骨和软骨下骨上的最大冯米塞斯应力增加。