Versatile, in situ sensing and continuous monitoring capabilities are critically needed, but challenging, for components made of solid woven carbon fibers in aerospace, electronics, and medical applications. In this work, we proposed a unique concept of integrated sensing technology on woven carbon fibers through integration of thin-film surface acoustic wave (SAW) technology and electromagnetic metamaterials, with capabilities of noninvasive, in situ, and continuous monitoring of environmental parameters and biomolecules wirelessly. First, we fabricated composite materials using a three-layer composite design, in which the woven carbon fiber cloth was first coated with a polyimide (PI) layer followed by a layer of ZnO film. Integrated SAW and metamaterials devices were then fabricated on this composite structure. The temperature of the functional area of the device could be controlled precisely using the SAW devices, which could provide a proper incubation environment for biosampling processes. As an ultraviolet light sensor, the SAW device could achieve a good sensitivity of 56.86 ppm/(mW/cm²). On the same integrated platform, an electromagnetic resonator based on the metamaterials was demonstrated to work as a glucose concentration monitor with a sensitivity of 0.34 MHz/(mg/dL).

中文翻译：

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基于聚酰亚胺涂层的编织碳纤维的声波和超材料的灵活集成的传感平台。

对于在航空航天，电子和医疗应用中由实心编织碳纤维制成的组件，迫切需要多功能的原位感应和连续监视功能，但具有挑战性。在这项工作中，我们通过整合薄膜表面声波（SAW）技术和电磁超材料，提出了对机织碳纤维的集成传感技术的独特概念，具有无创，原位和连续监测环境参数和生物分子的能力无线地。首先，我们使用三层复合设计制造复合材料，在该复合材料中，碳纤维编织布首先涂覆有聚酰亚胺（PI）层，然后涂覆了ZnO膜层。然后在该复合结构上制造了集成的声表面波和超材料器件。可以使用SAW设备精确控制设备功能区域的温度，这可以为生物采样过程提供合适的温育环境。作为紫外线传感器，声表面波装置可实现56.86 ppm /（mW / cm）的良好灵敏度。²）。在同一集成平台上，基于超常材料的电磁谐振器被证明可以用作葡萄糖浓度监测器，灵敏度为0.34 MHz /（mg / dL）。