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Fingerprinting of volatile organic compounds for quick assessment of vigour status of seeds
Seed Science Research ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-20 , DOI: 10.1017/s0960258520000252
R. Umarani , M. Bhaskaran , C. Vanitha , M. Tilak

Seed is a fertilized mature ovule, which possesses an embryonic plant. When the dry, mature seeds are subjected to imbibition, they release a wide range of organic substances, which include low molecular weight carbonyl compounds (gases and volatiles) and water-soluble organic substances (enzymes and polysaccharides). The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are molecules of low molecular weight (300 g mol−1) and high vapour pressure (0.01 kPa at 20°C) and include diverse chemical compounds. The nature and emission kinetics of volatiles produced from seeds vary, depending on the moisture content of the seeds. Orthodox seeds stored at ‘low seed moisture content’ undergo seed deterioration, predominantly due to lipid peroxidation, initiated by autoxidation or enzymatic oxidation of unsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids. This peroxidation leads to emission of volatile compounds. The quantity of VOCs emitted is positively correlated with the advancement of seed deterioration. With respect to the seed germination process, exposure of seeds to ‘high moisture conditions’ leads to increased respiration, triggers glycolysis and mobilization of storage reserves, resulting in the emission of volatile metabolic products. The quantity of VOCs emitted on commencement of metabolic activity in germinating seeds depends on (1) vigour status and (2) amount of storage reserves. Since it has been established that there is a significant difference between high and low vigour seeds with respect to quantity and profile of VOCs emitted, there is great potential for utilizing the VOC profile to obtain a quick and reproducible test of vigour status of crop seeds. In order to harness the VOC profile for quick assessment of vigour status of seeds, research has to be taken up to develop standard protocols for fingerprinting of VOCs for the purpose of seed vigour assessment and to fix the standard volatile biomarker(s) specific to crop and vigour status of seeds.

中文翻译:

挥发性有机化合物指纹图谱快速评估种子活力状态

种子是受精成熟的胚珠,具有胚芽植物。干燥、成熟的种子在吸水时会释放出多种有机物质,包括低分子量羰基化合物(气体和挥发物)和水溶性有机物质(酶和多糖)。挥发性有机化合物 (VOC) 是低分子量分子 (300 g mol-1) 和高蒸气压(20°C 时为 0.01 kPa),并包含多种化合物。种子产生的挥发物的性质和排放动力学因种子的水分含量而异。以“低种子水分含量”储存的正统种子经历种子变质,主要是由于脂质过氧化,由不饱和或多不饱和脂肪酸的自氧化或酶促氧化引发。这种过氧化导致挥发性化合物的排放。挥发性有机化合物的排放量与种子变质的进展呈正相关。关于种子发芽过程,种子暴露在“高湿度条件”下会导致呼吸作用增加,引发糖酵解和储存储备的动员,导致挥发性代谢产物的释放。发芽种子中代谢活动开始时排放的 VOC 数量取决于 (1) 活力状态和 (2) 储存量。由于已经确定高活力和低活力种子在 VOC 排放量和分布方面存在显着差异,因此利用 VOC 分布获得快速且可重复的作物种子活力状态测试具有很大潜力。为了利用 VOC 谱快速评估种子活力状态,必须开展研究以开发用于种子活力评估的 VOC 指纹识别标准协议,并确定作物特有的标准挥发性生物标志物和种子的活力状况。由于已经确定高活力和低活力种子在 VOC 排放量和分布方面存在显着差异,因此利用 VOC 分布获得快速且可重复的作物种子活力状态测试具有很大潜力。为了利用 VOC 谱快速评估种子活力状态,必须开展研究以开发用于种子活力评估的 VOC 指纹识别标准协议,并确定作物特有的标准挥发性生物标志物和种子的活力状况。由于已经确定高活力和低活力种子在 VOC 排放量和分布方面存在显着差异,因此利用 VOC 分布获得快速且可重复的作物种子活力状态测试具有很大潜力。为了利用 VOC 谱快速评估种子活力状态,必须开展研究以开发用于种子活力评估的 VOC 指纹识别标准协议,并确定作物特有的标准挥发性生物标志物和种子的活力状况。利用 VOC 曲线对作物种子的活力状态进行快速且可重复的测试具有很大的潜力。为了利用 VOC 谱快速评估种子活力状态,必须开展研究以开发用于种子活力评估的 VOC 指纹识别标准协议,并确定作物特有的标准挥发性生物标志物和种子的活力状况。利用 VOC 曲线对作物种子的活力状态进行快速且可重复的测试具有很大的潜力。为了利用 VOC 谱快速评估种子活力状态,必须开展研究以开发用于种子活力评估的 VOC 指纹识别标准协议,并确定作物特有的标准挥发性生物标志物和种子的活力状况。
更新日期:2020-07-20
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