This cross-sectional study investigated the factors associated with hypertension among Nepalese adults aged 18 years or above using data from the Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and odds ratios (ORs) were obtained using log-binomial regression and logistic regression, respectively. Initially, unadjusted PRs and ORs were obtained. The variables that yielded a significance level below 0.2 in unadjusted analyses were included in the multivariable analysis. The overall prevalence of hypertension among the 13,393 participants (58% male and 61.2% urban) was 21.1% (n = 2827). In the adjusted analysis, those aged 30–49 years (adjusted PR [APR]: 3.1, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.6, 3.7; adjusted OR [AOR]: 3.6, 95% CI: 2.9, 4.5), 50–69 years (APR: 5.3, 95% CI: 4.4, 6.6; AOR: 8.2, 95% CI: 6.4, 10.4) and ≥70 years (APR: 7.3, 95% CI: 5.8, 9.2; AOR: 13.6, 95% CI: 10.1, 18.3) were more likely to be hypertensive than younger participants aged 18–29 years. Males (APR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.4; AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 1.7), overweight/obese participants (APR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.7, 2.0; AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 2.2, 2.8) and those in the richest wealth quintile (APR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.5; AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.9) had higher prevalences and odds of hypertension than their female, normal weight/underweight and poorest wealth quintile counterparts, respectively. Those residing in Province 4 (APR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.5; AOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.8) and Province 5 (APR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.4; AOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.7) were more likely to be hypertensive than those residing in Province 1. The point estimate was inflated more in magnitude by ORs than by PRs, but the direction of association remained the same. Public health programmes in Nepal aimed at preventing hypertension should raise awareness among the elderly, males, individuals in the richest wealth quintile and the residents of Provinces 4 and 5.

中文翻译：

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尼泊尔高血压的决定因素使用优势比和患病率：对 2016 年人口与健康调查的分析

这项横断面研究使用 2016 年尼泊尔人口与健康调查的数据调查了与 18 岁或以上尼泊尔成年人高血压相关的因素。使用对数二项式回归和逻辑回归获得患病率 (PRs) 和优势比 (ORs)分别回归。最初，获得了未经调整的 PR 和 OR。在未调整的分析中产生显着性水平低于 0.2 的变量被包括在多变量分析中。在 13,393 名参与者（58% 男性和 61.2% 城市）中，高血压的总体患病率为 21.1%（n= 2827)。在调整后的分析中，30-49 岁的人（调整后的 PR [APR]：3.1，95% 置信区间 (CI)：2.6，3.7；调整后的 OR [AOR]：3.6，95% CI：2.9，4.5），50 –69 岁 (APR: 5.3, 95% CI: 4.4, 6.6; AOR: 8.2, 95% CI: 6.4, 10.4) 和≥70 岁 (APR: 7.3, 95% CI: 5.8, 9.2; AOR: 13.6, 95 % CI: 10.1, 18.3) 比 18-29 岁的年轻参与者更容易患高血压。男性 (APR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.4; AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3, 1.7)，超重/肥胖参与者 (APR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.7, 2.0; AOR: 2.4, 95% CI: 2.2, 2.8) 和最富有的五分之一 (APR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.5; AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.9) 的高血压患病率和几率高于正常女性体重/体重不足和最贫穷的财富五分之一对应者，分别。居住在第 4 省的人 (APR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.5; AOR: 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.8) 和省 5 (APR: 1.2, 95% CI: 1.0, 1.4; AOR: 1.3, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.7) 比居住在省 1 的人更容易患高血压。 ORs 比 PRs 夸大了点估计的幅度，但关联的方向保持不变。尼泊尔旨在预防高血压的公共卫生计划应提高老年人、男性、最富有的五分之一个人以及第 4 省和第 5 省居民的认识。