The resilience of biodiversity in the face of climate change depends on gene flow and range shifts. For diverse wind-dispersed and wind-pollinated organisms, regional wind patterns could either facilitate or hinder these movements, depending on alignment of winds with spatial climate patterns. We map global variation in terrestrial wind regimes, and model how ‘windscape’ connectivity will shape inbound and outbound dispersal between sites and their predicted future climate analogs. This model predicts that wind-accessible, climatically analogous sites will be scarcer in locations such as the tropics and on the leeward sides of mountain ranges, implying that the wind-dispersed biota in these landscapes may be more vulnerable to future climate change. A case study of Pinus contorta illustrates species-specific patterns of predicted genetic rescue and range expansion facilitated by wind. This framework has implications across fields ranging from historical biogeography and landscape genetics to ecological forecasting and conservation planning.

面对气候变化，生物多样性的复原力取决于基因流动和范围变化。对于不同的风分散和风授粉生物而言，区域性风型可能促进或阻碍这些运动，这取决于风与空间气候型的关系。我们绘制了陆地风向的全球变化图，并模拟了“风向”连通性将如何影响站点及其预测的未来气候类似物之间的入站和出站散布。该模型预测，在热带地区和山脉的背风侧，风能获得的，类似气候的地点将更加稀少，这意味着这些景观中散布的生物群落可能更容易受到未来气候变化的影响。松树的个案研究举例说明了风推动的特定物种的预测遗传拯救和范围扩大的模式。该框架在从历史生物地理学和景观遗传学到生态预测和保护规划等各个领域都具有意义。