Abstract

Plant models may be useful as test organisms for initial screening of potential toxicity of personal care products. The objective of the present study was to assess the efficacy of the Allium cepa (common onion) test system as a bioanalytical tool for screening potential cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of herbal-based hair dye formulations. Exposure of black hair dye formulations for 48 hours resulted in root growth retardation and mitosis suppression in the root meristems of A. cepa bulbs indicating concentration dependent cytotoxicity. At the 72 hour post exposure, cytotoxic effects on the roots were reduced but not recovered completely signifying prolong toxic action of the hair dyes. The condensed nuclei was the most frequent nuclear abnormality found in the dye exposed root meristematic cells indicating the cell death process. Induction of micronuclei and chromosomal aberrations in the root meristematic cells even at the post exposure stage indicates persistent genotoxicity of the hair dyes which may be attributed to the interactive effects of chemical mixtures present in the commercial hair dye formulations. The results revealed that A. cepa test system is an effective bioanalytical tool for screening cytogenotoxicity of commercial hair dye formulations.

摘要

植物模型可以用作测试生物，用于初步筛选个人护理产品的潜在毒性。本研究的目的是评估葱属cepa（普通洋葱）测试系统作为筛选基于草药的染发剂配方的潜在细胞毒性和遗传毒性的生物分析工具的功效。黑色染发剂配方48小时的暴露导致的根分生组织的根生长迟缓和有丝分裂抑制圆葱表示浓度依赖性细胞毒性的鳞茎。暴露后72小时，对根部的细胞毒性作用有所降低，但尚未完全恢复，表明染发剂的毒性延长。浓缩核是在染有染料的根分生组织中发现的最常见的核异常，表明细胞死亡过程。即使在暴露后阶段，在根分生组织中诱导微核和染色体畸变也表明染发剂具有持久的遗传毒性，这可能归因于商业染发剂配方中存在的化学混合物的相互作用。结果表明，C。cepa测试系统是一种有效的生物分析工具，可用于筛选市售染发剂的细胞遗传毒性。