Abstract

Fibrinogen is one of the first factors to fall to critically low levels in the blood in many coagulopathic events. Patients with hypofibrinogenemia are at a significantly greater risk of major hemorrhage and death. The rapid replacement of fibrinogen early on in hypofibrinogenemia may significantly improve outcomes for patients. Fibrinogen is present at concentrations between 2 and 4 g/L in the plasma of healthy people. However, hypofibrinogenemia is diagnosed when the fibrinogen level drops below 1.5–2 g/L. This review analyses different types of fibrinogen assays that can be used for diagnosing hypofibrinogenemia. The scientific mechanisms and limitations behind these tests are then presented. Additionally, the current state of clinical major hemorrhage protocols (MHPs) is presented and the structure, function and physiological role of fibrinogen is summarized.

摘要

在许多凝血病事件中，纤维蛋白原是血液中最先下降到极低水平的因素之一。低纤维蛋白原血症患者发生大出血和死亡的风险显着增加。在低纤维蛋白原血症早期快速更换纤维蛋白原可显着改善患者的预后。健康人血浆中的纤维蛋白原浓度为 2 至 4 g/L。然而，当纤维蛋白原水平降至 1.5-2 g/L 以下时，可诊断为低纤维蛋白原血症。本综述分析了可用于诊断低纤维蛋白原血症的不同类型的纤维蛋白原测定。然后介绍了这些测试背后的科学机制和局限性。此外，还介绍了临床大出血协议 (MHP) 的现状和结构，