Air pollution is one of the most concerning environmental problems in cities. Hourly data on pollutant concentrations from 11 automatic atmospheric monitoring stations and meteorological data in Shenyang from 2017 to 2019 were used to analyze the spatio-temporal variation rules of CO (carbon monoxide), SO₂ (sulfur dioxide), NO₂ (nitrogen dioxide), O₃ (ozone), PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ (PM particles with an aerodynamic diameters of not more than 2.5 µm and 10 µm) and their relationships with meteorological parameters. Meanwhile, the regional transmission route of pollutants was analyzed by the hybrid single particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. The results showed that the concentration of O₃ in the northern area of the city was higher than that in the south; CO, SO₂ and NO₂ were relatively high in the urban center; and PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ were relatively high in the southwest. The average concentration of pollutants was lowest in 2019. The concentration of O₃ was the highest in spring, while CO showed no significant variations between different seasons. The remaining pollutant concentrations appeared to be high in winter and low in summer. The cumulative concentrations of the six pollutants were the highest in March, and relatively low in July–September. The diurnal concentration variations of O₃, CO and SO₂ exhibited a “single peak,” while others showed a “double peak and double valley.” Temperature was positively correlated with O₃ concentration and negatively correlated with others. Wind speed was negatively correlated with the concentration of PM_2.5, NO₂, and O₃. The air quality of the main urban area in spring and summer was mainly affected by the coastal air flow, while it was mostly affected by the northwest air flow in autumn and winter.

中文翻译：

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沉阳市大气主要污染物污染特征及影响因素分析

空气污染是城市中最令人关注的环境问题之一。利用沉阳市11个自动大气监测站2017年至2019年的每小时污染物浓度数据和气象数据，分析CO（一氧化碳），SO ₂（二氧化硫），NO ₂（二氧化氮）的时空变化规律。，O ₃（臭氧），PM _2.5和PM ₁₀（空气动力学直径不超过2.5 µm和10 µm的PM颗粒）及其与气象参数的关系。同时，利用混合单粒子拉格朗日综合轨迹（HYSPLIT）模型分析了污染物的区域传播路径。结果表明，O的浓度城市北部地区的₃高于南部地区。市中心的CO，SO ₂和NO ₂相对较高；西南地区的PM _2.5和PM ₁₀相对较高。污染物的平均浓度在2019年最低。春季的O ₃浓度最高，而CO在不同季节之间没有显着变化。其余的污染物浓度似乎在冬季较高，而在夏季较低。六种污染物的累积浓度在三月最高，而在七月至九月相对较低。O ₃，CO和SO ₂的日浓度变化呈现“单峰”，而其他呈现“双峰双谷”。温度与O ₃浓度呈正相关，与其他温度呈负相关。风速与PM _2.5，NO ₂和O ₃的浓度呈负相关。春季和夏季主城区的空气质量主要受沿海空气流量的影响，而秋季和冬季则主要受西北空气流量的影响。