Insights in Chloroquine Action: Perspectives and Implications in Malaria and COVID-19.,Cytometry Part A

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Insights in Chloroquine Action: Perspectives and Implications in Malaria and COVID-19.
Cytometry Part A ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-19 , DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24190
Micheli Mainardi Pillat ₁ , Arne Krüger ₂ , Lara Mendes Ferreira Guimarães ₃ , Claudiana Lameu ₃ , Edmarcia Elisa de Souza ₂ , Carsten Wrenger ₂ , Henning Ulrich ₃

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Malaria is a threat to human mankind and kills about half a million people every year. On the other hand, COVID‐19 resulted in several hundred thousand deaths since December 2019 and remains without an efficient and safe treatment. The antimalarials chloroquine (CQ) and its analog, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), have been tested for COVID‐19 treatment, and several conflicting evidence has been obtained. Therefore, the aim of this review was to summarize the evidence regarding action mechanisms of these compounds against Plasmodium and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, together with cytometry applications. CQ and HCQ act on the renin angiotensin system, with possible implications on the cardiorespiratory system. In this context, flow and image cytometry emerge as powerful technologies to investigate the mechanism of therapeutic candidates, as well as for the identification of the immune response and prognostics of disease severity. Data from the large randomized trials support the conclusion that CQ and HCQ do not provide any clinical improvements in disease severity and progression of SARS‐CoV‐2 patients, as well as they do not present any solid evidence of increased serious side effects. These drugs are safe and effective antimalarials agents, but in SARS‐CoV‐2 patients, they need further studies in the context of clinical trials. © 2020 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry

中文翻译：

对氯喹作用的见解：疟疾和 COVID-19 的观点和意义。

疟疾是对人类的威胁，每年造成约 50 万人死亡。另一方面，自 2019 年 12 月以来，COVID-19 导致数十万人死亡，并且仍然没有有效和安全的治疗方法。抗疟药氯喹 (CQ) 及其类似物羟氯喹 (HCQ) 已经过 COVID-19 治疗测试，并获得了一些相互矛盾的证据。因此，本综述的目的是总结有关这些化合物对疟原虫的作用机制的证据和 SARS-CoV-2 感染，以及细胞计数应用。CQ 和 HCQ 作用于肾素血管紧张素系统，可能对心肺系统产生影响。在这种情况下，流式细胞术和图像细胞术成为研究候选治疗机制以及免疫反应鉴定和疾病严重程度预后的强大技术。来自大型随机试验的数据支持这样的结论，即 CQ 和 HCQ 没有为 SARS-CoV-2 患者的疾病严重程度和进展提供任何临床改善，也没有提供任何增加严重副作用的确凿证据。这些药物是安全有效的抗疟药，但在 SARS-CoV-2 患者中，它们需要在临床试验的背景下进一步研究。

更新日期：2020-09-10

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