To understand the connectivity in human–landscape ecosystems, a multidirectional concept of landscape transformation, sociocultural development, and human response cycles needs to be considered. In this context, societal decision-making is controlled by the ecosystem’s functionality; the human perception, experience, memory, and tradition; and the individual configuration of landscape components: a conceptual framework that is herein referred to as landscape affordances. In contrast to defining environmental components as passive resources, the concept of landscape affordances entails dynamic and processual feedbacks of an individual and the environment in the moment of mutual interaction—thus actively integrating human ingenuity in the production of landscapes, biological processes, and sociocultural patterns. This article contextualizes the concepts of landscape affordances and functional ecosystem connectivity to evaluate human behavioural patterning and the production of landscapes in a methodological landscape archaeological approach.

中文翻译：

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从景观能力到景观连通性：人类生态学考古学的语境化

为了理解人与景观生态系统之间的连通性，需要考虑景观转换，社会文化发展和人类响应周期的多方向概念。在这种情况下，社会决策受到生态系统功能的控制；人类的感知，经验，记忆和传统；以及景观组件的单独配置：一种概念框架，在此称为景观能力。与将环境成分定义为被动资源相反，景观馈赠的概念需要在相互互动时对个人和环境进行动态和过程反馈，从而将人类的创造力积极整合到景观，生物过程和社会文化模式的生产中。