Conflicting hypotheses about the relationships among the major lineages of aculeate Hymenoptera clearly show the necessity of detailed comparative morphological studies. Using micro-computed tomography and 3D reconstructions, the skeletal musculature of the mesoand metathorax and the first and second abdominal segment in Apoidea are described. Females of Sceliphron destillatorium, Sphex (Fernaldina) lucae (both Sphecidae), and Ampulex compressa (Ampulicidae) were examined. The morphological terminology provided by the Hymenoptera Anatomy Ontology is used. Up to 42 muscles were found. The three species differ in certain numerical and structural aspects. Ampulicidae differs significantly from Sphecidae in the metathorax and the anterior abdomen. The metapleural apodeme and paracoxal ridge are weakly developed in Ampulicidae, which affect some muscular structures. Furthermore, the muscles that insert on the coxae and trochanters are broader and longer in Ampulicidae. A conspicuous characteristic of Sphecidae is the absence of the metaphragma. Overall, we identified four hitherto unrecognized muscles. Our work suggests additional investigations on structures discussed in this paper.

中文翻译：

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使用 3D 技术比较描述 Sphecidae 和 Ampulicidae（膜翅目，Apoidea）的中体肌肉组织

关于有刺膜翅目主要谱系之间关系的相互矛盾的假设清楚地表明详细比较形态学研究的必要性。使用微型计算机断层扫描和 3D 重建，描述了 Apoidea 中中和后胸的骨骼肌肉组织以及第一和第二腹部节。检查了 Sceliphron destillatorium、Sphex (Fernaldina) lucae (Sphecidae) 和 Ampulex compressa (Ampulicidae) 的雌性。使用膜翅目解剖本体提供的形态学术语。发现了多达 42 块肌肉。这三个物种在某些数量和结构方面有所不同。Ampulicidae 在后胸和前腹部与 Sphecidae 显着不同。Ampulicidae的后胸膜apodeme和paracoxal脊发育较弱，这会影响一些肌肉结构。此外，插入臀部和转子的肌肉在 Ampulicidae 中更宽更长。蝶科的一个显着特征是没有后膜。总的来说，我们确定了四个迄今为止未被识别的肌肉。我们的工作建议对本文中讨论的结构进行额外的调查。