Industry 4.0 is assumed to yield extensive industry-spanning opportunities. However, exploiting these opportunities requires a targeted implementation of Industry 4.0. The purpose of this paper is to generate a deeper understanding of relevant implementation action. Existing recommendations are mostly general, highly aggregated and difficult to grasp. Yet, specific and concrete actions that need to be taken to accelerate the realization of Industry 4.0 are essential.,The article uses 13 semi-structured in-depth expert interviews as the source of empirical data. The interviews were conducted with managers from Industry 4.0-experienced German manufacturing companies. All interviews are analyzed using qualitative content analysis.,The study reveals relevant and targeted aspects for Industry 4.0 implementation: the development of Industry 4.0-specific know-how, securing financial resources, integrating employees into the implementation process and establishing an open-minded and flexible corporate culture. Further aspects include comprehensive planning processes, cooperation with external partners, proper handling of data interfaces, interdisciplinary communication, an adaptable organizational structure and data security.,The paper is limited to German manufacturing enterprises and should be transferred to other industries and countries.,The study supports managers to effectively implement Industry 4.0 within their organizations and consequently benefit from Industry 4.0 and derives recommendations for future research.,The paper is among the first to give specific and concrete examples for lessons learned from Industry 4.0 implementation, directly obtained from industrial application.

中文翻译：

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德国制造业实施工业 4.0 的经验教训

工业 4.0 被认为会产生广泛的跨行业机会。然而，利用这些机会需要有针对性地实施工业 4.0。本文的目的是加深对相关实施行动的理解。现有的建议大多笼统、高度汇总且难以掌握。然而，加速实现工业 4.0 需要采取的具体而具体的行动是必不可少的。,本文以 13 位半结构化深度专家访谈作为实证数据来源。采访对象是来自具有工业 4.0 经验的德国制造公司的经理。所有访谈均使用定性内容分析进行分析。,该研究揭示了工业 4.0 实施的相关和有针对性的方面：工业 4 的发展。0专有技术，确保财务资源，将员工融入实施过程，建立开放灵活的企业文化。进一步的方面包括全面的规划流程、与外部合作伙伴的合作、正确处理数据接口、跨学科交流、适应性强的组织结构和数据安全。,本文仅限于德国制造企业，应转移到其他行业和国家。,研究支持管理人员在其组织内有效实施工业 4.0，从而从工业 4.0 中受益，并为未来的研究提供建议。该论文是第一个给出从工业 4.0 实施中吸取的经验教训的具体和具体例子，直接从工业应用中获得.