Cloud manufacturing (CMfg) has emerged as a service-oriented paradigm that enables modularization and on-demand servitization of resources in the context of manufacturing. The plethora of studies on CMfg has led the authors to investigate its implementation, as most of the literature is theoretical or simulation-based. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the reality of the CMfg concept in terms of adoption.,A tri-theoretic model is developed using the technology adoption model, diffusion of innovation and technology-organization-environment for hypotheses development. Data are collected from 218 US manufacturers. The data analysis approaches are partial least squares structural equation modeling, while data visualization is done to further analysis.,The study shows that most of the US manufacturers are reluctant to adopt the CMfg. Further, the statistical findings imply that competitive pressure, top management support, compatibility and trialability play a vital role in its adoption. The success of the CMfg adoption relies on the implementation of the pre-installation stage and the top management decisions.,For practitioners, the study provides insight on how to supervise the CMfg platform implementation to improve the adoption process. For researchers and academicians, the significance of trialability provides a wide range of research topics on developing the CMfg trials and models.,This paper highlights the concerns of manufacturers about the pros and cons of the CMfg adoption, as this topic has not been given due attention in the literature. This will help to align future research directions according to market concerns and mitigating the factors that are hindering its adoption.

中文翻译：

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云制造：全球制造的神话还是未来？

云制造 (CMfg) 已成为一种面向服务的范式，可在制造环境中实现资源的模块化和按需服务化。对 CMfg 的大量研究促使作者调查其实施，因为大多数文献都是基于理论或模拟的。因此，本研究的目的是在采用方面调查 CMfg 概念的现实情况。利用技术采用模型、创新扩散和技术-组织-环境假设发展的三理论模型被开发。数据来自 218 家美国制造商。数据分析方法是偏最小二乘结构方程建模，同时进行数据可视化以进一步分析。研究表明，大多数美国制造商不愿意采用 CMfg。此外，统计结果表明，竞争压力、高层管理支持、兼容性和可试用性在其采用中起着至关重要的作用。CMfg 采用的成功依赖于预安装阶段的实施和高层管理决策。,对于从业者来说，该研究提供了有关如何监督 CMfg 平台实施以改进采用过程的见解。对于研究人员和院士而言，可试用性的重要性为开发 CMfg 试验和模型提供了广泛的研究主题。,本文强调了制造商对采用 CMfg 的利弊的担忧，因为该主题尚未得到应有的重视文献中的关注。