Purpose

The classification of aircraft failures has been a significant part of functional hazard analysis (FHA). Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional FHA method in the evaluation of aircraft risk, the purpose of this paper is to put forward a new approach by combining the gray comprehensive relation calculation method in the gray system theory with the traditional FHA in order to deal with the problem of “little data, poor information.”

Design/methodology/approach

This paper combines FHA, 1–9-scale method and gray relation analysis. At first, aircraft failure scenarios are chosen and data from experts are collected; then gray system theory is applied to find the relevance of such scenarios. Finally, the classification according to relevance is determined.

Findings

In the past, “little data, poor information” made it difficult for researchers to implement FHA. In this paper, the authors manage to deal with the problem of “poor information” and provide an approach to find the seriousness of aircraft failure.

Research limitations/implications

Due to the use of expert-evaluating methods, the classification of failures is still a little subjective and can be improved in this area. In the future, the method can be improved from the perspective of combining FMEA to analyze more complex indicators or using multisource heterogeneous solutions to solve fuzzy numbers, probabilities, gray numbers and indicators that cannot be assigned.

Practical implications

The paper uses FHA to divide the failure state and establishes a gray evaluation model of the aircraft failure state classification to verify the relevant method. Some aircraft safety design requirements are used to check the safety hazards of the aircraft during the design process, and to provide rational recommendations for the functional design of the aircraft.

Social implications

Improving the safety of aircraft is undoubtedly of great practical significance and has become a top priority in the development of the civil aviation industry. In this paper, the FHA method and the failure state of the aircraft are studied. The original FHA method is innovated by using the gray system theory applicable to the poor information state. Therefore, to some extent, this study has significance for improving the safety of civil aircraft flight, ensuring people’s travel safety and enhancing the society’s trust in civil aviation.

Originality/value

The main innovation of this paper is integrating the FHA method and the gray system theory. This study calculates the comprehensive relation degree of each failure under different flight stages, and uses FHA to divide the failure state, and finally establishes a gray evaluation model of the aircraft failure state classification to analyze the different conditions of the landing gear brake system, so that it improves the present situation, and the problem with the character of “little data, poor information” can be addressed better.

中文翻译：

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基于灰色关联的改进FHA对飞机功能故障的影响分析和分类

目的

飞机故障的分类一直是功能危害分析（FHA）的重要组成部分。针对传统的FHA方法在飞机风险评估中的不足，本文的目的是提出一种将灰色系统理论中的灰色综合关联度计算方法与传统FHA相结合的新方法，以应对航空器风险评估中的不足。 “数据少，信息差”的问题。

设计/方法/方法

本文将FHA，1–9比例方法和灰色关联分析相结合。首先，选择飞机故障场景并收集专家数据；然后应用灰色系统理论来发现这种情况的相关性。最后，确定根据相关性的分类。

发现

过去，“数据少，信息差”使研究人员难以实施FHA。在本文中，作者设法处理“信息匮乏”的问题，并提供了一种方法来发现飞机故障的严重性。

研究局限/意义

由于使用了专家评估方法，因此故障的分类仍然有些主观，可以在此领域进行改进。将来，可以从结合FMEA分析更复杂的指标或使用多源异构解决方案解决模糊数，概率，灰度数和无法分配的指标的角度改进该方法。

实际影响

本文利用FHA对故障状态进行划分，建立了飞机故障状态分类的灰色评估模型，以验证相关方法。一些飞机安全设计要求用于检查设计过程中飞机的安全隐患，并为飞机的功能设计提供合理的建议。

社会影响

无疑，提高飞机的安全性具有重要的现实意义，已成为民航业发展的重中之重。本文研究了FHA方法和飞机的故障状态。原始的FHA方法是通过使用适用于不良信息状态的灰色系统理论进行创新的。因此，这项研究在一定程度上对提高民用飞机的飞行安全性，确保人们的出行安全，增强社会对民用航空的信任具有重要意义。

创意/价值

本文的主要创新是将FHA方法与灰色系统理论相结合。本研究计算了不同飞行阶段每个故障的综合关联度，并用FHA对故障状态进行划分，最后建立了飞机故障状态分类的灰色评估模型，以分析起落架制动系统的不同情况，因此改善了现状，可以更好地解决“数据少，信息差”的问题。