A series of 5 wt% NiO-xP-Al₂O₃ with different phosphorus loading contents (x = 0, 5, 15 and 20 wt%) were prepared by a modified sol-gel method. A significant promotional effect of phosphorus on NiO-Al₂O₃ in CO₂ hydrogenation is observed. All the catalysts reach the highest conversion at 600 °C with 61.54 %, 62.89 %, 63.88 % and 66.13 % respectively for 5 wt% NiO-Al₂O₃, 5 wt% NiO-5P-Al₂O₃, 5 wt% NiO-15P-Al₂O₃ and 5 wt% NiO-20P-Al₂O₃ catalysts. Ni/NiO/Ni₂P/Ni₅P₁₂/AlPO₄ interfacial species were detected on the surface as active species on the used catalysts by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The formation ratio of the metal-phosphide is relatively low ∼3−5 %, and this atomic concentration is decreasing with the rising of the phosphate content. However, the nickel enrichment in the surface layer presumable in Ni₂P/Ni₅P₁₂ form is very likely according to the P 2p spectra and the authors assume that could be responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity.

通过改进的溶胶-凝胶法制备了一系列含磷量不同（x = 0、5、15和20 wt％）的5 wt％NiO-xP-Al ₂ O ₃。观察到磷对CO ₂加氢中NiO-Al ₂ O ₃的显着促进作用。所有催化剂分别达到在600℃下与61.54％，62.89％，63.88％和66.13％的最高转化率为5重量％的NiO-Al系₂ ö ₃，5重量％的NiO-5P-Al系₂ ö ₃，5重量％的NiO-15P-Al ₂ O ₃和5重量％的NiO-20P-Al ₂ O ₃催化剂。Ni / NiO / Ni ₂ P / Ni ₅通过X射线光电子能谱法在表面上检测到P ₁₂ / AlPO ₄界面物种作为所用催化剂上的活性物种。金属磷化物的形成率相对较低，约为3-5％，并且该原子浓度随着磷酸盐含量的增加而降低。然而，根据P 2p光谱，很可能以Ni ₂ P / Ni ₅ P ₁₂形式在表面层富集镍，作者认为这可能是催化活性增强的原因。