Marine heatwaves (MHWs) are emerging as forceful agents of ecosystem change and are increasing in frequency, duration, and intensity with climate change. During MHWs, physiological thresholds of native species may be exceeded while the performance of invasive species with warm affinities may be enhanced. As a consequence, MHWs could significantly alter an ecosystem's invasive dynamics, but such interactions are poorly understood. Following a 10‐d acclimation period, we investigated the physiological resistance and resilience of an intertidal rock pool assemblage invaded by the seaweed Sargassum muticum to realistic 14‐d marine heatwave scenarios (+1.5°C, +2.0°C, +3.5°C) followed by a 14‐d recovery period. We conducted mesocosm experiments in both summer and winter to investigate temporal variability of MHWs. MHW treatments had clear negative impacts on native seaweeds (Fucus serratus and Chondrus crispus) while enhancing the performance of S. muticum. This pattern was consistent across season indicating that acclimation to cooler ambient temperatures results in winter MHWs having significant impacts on native species. As climate warming advances, this may ultimately lead to changes in competitive interactions and potentially exclusion of native species, while invasive species may proliferate and become more conspicuous within temperate rocky shore environments.

中文翻译：

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夏季和冬季海洋热浪侵袭了本土海藻。

海洋热浪（MHW）逐渐成为生态系统变化的有力推动者，并随着气候变化而不断增加其频率，持续时间和强度。在MHW期间，可能会超过天然物种的生理阈值，同时可能增强具有热亲和力的入侵物种的性能。结果，MHW可以显着改变生态系统的侵入动力学，但是人们对这种相互作用的了解却很少。经过10天的适应期后，我们研究了海藻Sargassum muticum入侵的潮间带岩池组合的生理抵抗力和恢复力到实际的14天海洋热浪情景（+ 1.5°C，+ 2.0°C，+ 3.5°C），然后恢复14天。我们在夏季和冬季均进行了介观试验，以调查MHW的时间变异性。MHW处理对天然海藻（富荚鱼（Fcusus serratus）和软骨猪笼草（Chondrus crispus））具有明显的负面影响，同时增强了粘液链球菌（S. muticum）的性能。。整个季节这种模式是一致的，这表明适应较低的环境温度会导致冬季的MHW对本地物种产生重大影响。随着气候变暖的发展，这最终可能导致竞争性相互作用的变化，并有可能将本土物种排除在外，而入侵物种可能在温带多岩石的海岸环境中扩散并变得更加明显。