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Thug life: bramble (Rubus fruticosus L. agg.) is a valuable foraging resource for honeybees and diverse flower‐visiting insects
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12436 Veronica R. Wignall 1 , Natalie A. Arscott 1 , Hayley E. Nudds 1 , Annabel Squire 1 , Thomas O. Green 1 , Francis L. W. Ratnieks 1
中文翻译：
暴徒生活：荆棘（Rubus fruticosus L. agg。）是蜜蜂和各种访花昆虫的宝贵觅食资源
更新日期：2020-07-17
Insect Conservation and Diversity ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-17 , DOI: 10.1111/icad.12436 Veronica R. Wignall 1 , Natalie A. Arscott 1 , Hayley E. Nudds 1 , Annabel Squire 1 , Thomas O. Green 1 , Francis L. W. Ratnieks 1
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- Bramble (Rubus fruticosus L. agg.) is a common summer‐flowering plant native to the United Kingdom. Multiple complementary approaches were used to evaluate its ecological value to the honeybee (Apis mellifera), bumblebees (Bombus spp.) and other flower‐visiting insects in Sussex, England.
- Regional surveys of insect groups at seven sites across 2 years showed that foraging activity on bramble was dominated by honeybees (60.2%; n = 28 surveys) and bumblebees (17.4%), compared to non‐Apis/Bombus bees (2.8%), hoverflies (Syrphidae, 7.9%), non‐syrphid flies (0.6%), butterflies (6.4%), wasps (0.4%) and beetles (4.4%). Foraging insect community structure was highly similar spatially, but varied significantly between survey months (June and July).
- In detailed local surveys at one rural and one urban location, there was a diverse range of insect taxa foraging on the bramble flowers, including species of conservation concern (Bombus humilis, Coenonympha pamphilus and Limenitis camilla).
- Pollen trapping at 12 honeybee hives in four locations showed that an average of 31% of pollen pellets collected by honeybees from late May to early August were bramble, with a peak of 66–86% per location.
- Bramble was present in 54 out of 60 200 × 200 m randomly selected grid squares surveyed over a large area across Sussex. Plants were recorded in multiple habitat types in both urban and rural areas.
- Bramble is sometimes considered an undesirable plant or a “thug” that outcompetes other wild flowers; however, these findings confirm that it is highly valuable for flower‐visiting insects. Wherever conflicts of interest and management strategies allow, bramble should be maintained and promoted for wildlife and insect conservation.
中文翻译：
暴徒生活：荆棘（Rubus fruticosus L. agg。）是蜜蜂和各种访花昆虫的宝贵觅食资源
- 荆棘（Rubus fruticosus L. agg。）是常见于英国的夏季开花植物。多种互补方法被用来评估其对英格兰苏塞克斯蜜蜂（Apis mellifera），大黄蜂（Bombus spp。）和其他赏花昆虫的生态价值。
- 在过去2年中，对7个地点的昆虫群体进行的区域调查显示，在荆棘上觅食的活动主要是蜜蜂（60.2％；n = 28个调查）和大黄蜂（17.4％），相比之下，非Apis / Bombus蜜蜂（2.8％），蚜蝇（Syrphidae，7.9％），非蚜蝇（0.6％），蝴蝶（6.4％），黄蜂（0.4％）和甲虫（4.4％）。觅食昆虫群落结构在空间上高度相似，但在调查月份（六月和七月）之间变化很大。
- 在一个农村和城市的一个位置的详细当地调查，有昆虫类群觅食的荆棘花，包括保护关注的物种的多元化（熊蜂蒿草，Coenonympha pamphilus和线蛱蝶属卡米拉）。
- 在四个地点的12个蜜蜂蜂巢中捕获的花粉表明，从5月下旬到8月初，蜜蜂收集的花粉团平均有31％是荆棘，每个位置的峰值为66-86％。
- 在整个萨塞克斯郡的大面积区域中，随机选取的60 200×200 m网格正方形中有54个存在Bramble。在城市和农村地区都记录了多种栖息地类型的植物。
- 荆棘有时被认为是胜过其他野花的不良植物或“暴徒”。然而，这些发现证实了它对于造访花的昆虫具有很高的价值。只要有利益冲突和管理策略允许的地方，都应维持荆棘并促进野生动植物和昆虫的保护。
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