Abstract With increasing pressures on scarce land and natural resources, responsible governance of tenure to protect rights and right holders of these resources becomes pivotal. Especially if the livelihoods of these right holders is directly linked to having access to and control over these resources. A human-rights based approach for the responsible tenure governance is needed, recognizing, respecting and securing tenure rights to resources of individuals, communities or peoples both in policy and practice. With wide ownership by and commitment of governments, civil society and private sector, the Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security (VGGT) represent an unbiased and consensus-based framework in which new policies are being influenced in participatory and inclusive ways. In Myanmar, the process of the National Land Use Policy enabled four aspects of implementation, which come with the greatest benefits when these are interlinked and mutually reinforcing, to come together. These aspects are awareness raising and common understanding, multi-stakeholder processes and platforms, system-wide capacity development, and supporting efforts embedding the VGGT in national policies and law processes. The quality of these aspects, and not their speed, determine the VGGT implementation process in achieving improved tenure governance in policy and practice. In Myanmar this concerns in particular recognition of customary, communal and ethnic tenure systems, and women’s rights to land and natural resources.

中文翻译：

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在政策和实践中改善权属治理：缅甸案例

摘要 随着稀缺土地和自然资源面临的压力越来越大，负责任的权属治理以保护这些资源的权利和权利人变得至关重要。特别是如果这些权利人的生计与获取和控制这些资源直接相关。需要一种基于人权的负责任权属治理方法，在政策和实践中承认、尊重和确保对个人、社区或人民资源的权属权利。在政府、民间社会和私营部门的广泛所有权和承诺下，《土地权属负责任治理自愿准则》、国家粮食安全背景下的渔业和森林 (VGGT) 代表了一个公正且基于共识的框架，在该框架中，新政策正以参与性和包容性的方式受到影响。在缅甸，国家土地使用政策的实施过程使四个方面的实施结合在一起，当这些方面相互关联和相辅相成时会带来最大的好处。这些方面是提高认识和共识、多方利益相关者流程和平台、全系统能力发展以及支持将 VGGT 嵌入国家政策和法律流程的努力。这些方面的质量，而不是它们的速度，决定了 VGGT 实施过程，以在政策和实践中实现更好的权属治理。在缅甸，这尤其涉及对习惯、